Relationship between genuine and pseudohalitosis and social anxiety disorder

Kurşun, Şebnem; Acar, Buket; Atakan, Cemal; Öztaş, Bengi; Paksoy, Candan Semra

doi:10.1111/joor.12206

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“… 3 , 4 Studies that have investigated the psychopathological profiles of individuals with halitosis complaints have indicated that social anxiety disorder (SAD) is the one most often associated with this complaint. 5 , 6 Thus, the present paper focused on determining the psychometric properties of the ICH (i.e., validity and reliability), as well as investigate its relationship with SAD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Halitosis Consequences Inventory: psychometric properties and relationship with social anxiety disorder

2018

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Objectives:Individuals who complain of halitosis experience psychological consequences that can lead to social, professional, and affective limitations. Research has identified social anxiety disorder (SAD) as the most common psychopathology associated to halitosis complaints. Combining these two lines of research, we sought to determine the validity of the Halitosis Consequences Inventory (ICH), a scale designed to assess the psychological consequences of halitosis complaints. We also investigated the relationship between these consequences and SAD.Materials and methods:Participants were 436 individuals, including those with and without halitosis complaints (n=411 and n=25, respectively). Measures administered were the ICH, Social Phobia Inventory and its shortened version, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, and Fear of Negative Evaluation scale.Results:The ICH had adequate internal consistency (α=0.93) and could accurately discriminate between participants with and without halitosis complaints. Furthermore, individuals with high scores on the ICH were more likely to have SAD.Conclusions:The ICH is an important tool for determining the aversive halitosis consequences, allowing to identify, with some degree of accuracy, individuals who might require screening for SAD. Besides, there´s a linear relationship between the presence of halitosis consequences and SAD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Halitosis Consequences Inventory: psychometric properties and relationship with social anxiety disorder

2018

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“…with halitosis often present with shyness and lack of confidence confirming that the social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the psychopathologies associated with halitosis. Kursun et al used Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) and indicated that genuine halitosis patients exhibited social anxiety (Kursun, Acar, Atakan, Oztas, & Paksoy, 2014). Zaitsu et al also used LSAS and indicated that genuine halitosis patients with a strong trait of social anxiety disorder showed difficulty overcoming their anxiety on oral malodor even after the halitosis treatment (Zaitsu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological characteristics of Chinese patients with genuine halitosis

Cao

et al. 2020

Oral Diseases

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Objective The present case–control study aimed to compare the psychological status of patients with and without halitosis, and investigate the association between psychological disorders and halitosis. Methods Patients who complained about bad breath and diagnosed with genuine halitosis were assigned to the halitosis group, while patients without genuine halitosis were assigned to the control group (n = 106, each group). Information on the demographics and Symptom Checklist‐90 (SCL‐90) of participants was collected. The organoleptic score and Halimeter measurement were used to measure halitosis. Results The mean SCL‐90 score of participants in the halitosis group (0.63) was significantly greater than that in the control group (0.48) (p = .002). The scores of the domains of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression, and paranoid ideation were found to be significantly different between the two groups (p < .05). However, there were no significant differences in SCL‐90 scores between the mild and moderate–severe halitosis groups (p = .479). Conclusion The psychological status of genuine halitosis patients was significantly worse than normal patients without halitosis complaint and also without halitosis. The main problems were in the aspects of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression, and paranoia. However, the negative impact was not related to the severity of halitosis.

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“…Un estudio demostró que la mitad de los pacientes con halitosis tienen temor de acercarse a otras personas (41). También se ha demostrado que la halitosis puede desencadenar altos niveles de ansiedad (20,22,42,43).…”

Section: Implicaciones Sociales Y Psicológicas De La Halitosisunclassified

Halitosis: Un asunto del odontólogo

Duque¹,

Tejada²

2016

CES odontol.

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La halitosis ha sido definida como un olor ofensivo y fétido en el aliento producido por factores como: mala higiene oral, infecciones dentales u orales y/o la ingestión de ciertos alimentos. El objetivo de esta revisión es evaluar el estado actual del diagnóstico, clasificación y tratamiento de la halitosis, y brindar estrategias y herramientas correctas para abordar una problemática que es tan común en la consulta odontológica. La prevalencia de la halitosis es alta y varía dependiendo de la población estudiada y el método de diagnostico usado (escalas subjetivas, mediciones organolépticas, halimeter, cromatografía de gas, test BANA ). Existen 3 tipos de halitosis: La halitosis genuina (fisiológica y patológica), la pseudohalitosis y la halitofobia. La etiología es multifactorial y existe un acuerdo en que principalmente ocurre por el metabolismo de las bacterias. La producción de compuestos volátiles y no volátiles es común en los humanos y está influenciada por factores genéticos, dieta, estrés, enfermedades y/o desordenes presentes en los individuos. Los dos tratamientos más utilizados y tradicionales para el control de la halitosis son el control mecánico de la lengua saburral y el uso de agentes antimicrobianos. La halitosis afecta una gran parte de la población, puede crear desventajas sociales y sicológicas, y aunque es de origen multifactorial su principal causa se encuentra en la cavidad oral, principalmente por factores como la placa bacteriana, gingivitis y periodontitis. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar las herramientas actuales para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la halitosis.Palabras clave: Halitosis, Enfermedades periodontales, Biopelícula, Pruebas de halitosis. AbstractHalitosis has been defined as an offensive and fetid breath odor caused by factors such as poor oral hygiene, dental or mouth infections and / or ingestion of certain foods. The aim of this review is to assess the current state of diagnosis, classification and treatment of halitosis, providing the right strategies and tools to address a problem that is so common in dental practice. Halitosis prevalence is high and varies depending on the population studied and the diagnostic method used (subjective scales, organoleptic measurements, halymeter, gas chromatography, BANA test). There are 3 types of halitosis: Genuine halitosis (physiological and pathological), the pseudohalitosis and halitophobia. The etiology is multifactorial and there is an agreement about the cause primarily by bacterial metabolism. The production of volatile and nonvolatile compounds in humans is common Comparte Duque A, Tejada C. Enero -Junio 2016 -Pág 71ODONTOLOGÍA and is influenced by genetic factors, diet, stress, diseases and / or disorders present in individuals. The two most used and traditional treatments to control halitosis are the mechanical control of coated tongue and the use of antimicrobial agents. Halitosis affects a large part of the population may create social and psychological disadvantages, and although it is of multifactorial origi...

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Relationship between genuine and pseudohalitosis and social anxiety disorder

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

The Halitosis Consequences Inventory: psychometric properties and relationship with social anxiety disorder

The Halitosis Consequences Inventory: psychometric properties and relationship with social anxiety disorder

Psychological characteristics of Chinese patients with genuine halitosis

Halitosis: Un asunto del odontólogo

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