Relationship between FDM 3D Printing Parameters Study: Parameter Optimization for Lower Defects

Abstract

Technology evolution and wide research attention on 3D printing efficiency and processes have given the prompt need to reach an understanding about each technique’s prowess to deliver superior quality levels whilst showing an economical and process viability to become mainstream. Studies in the field have struggled to predict the singularities that arise during most Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) practices; therefore, diverse individual description of the parameters have been performed, but a relationship study between them has not yet assessed. The proposed study lays the main defects caused by a selection of printing parameters which might vary layer slicing, then influencing the defect rate. Subsequently, the chosen technique for optimization is presented, with evidence of its application viability that suggests that a quality advance would be gathered with such. The results would help in making the FDM process become a reliable process that could also be used for industry manufacturing besides prototyping purposes.

Influence of Infill Pattern on Mechanical Behavior of Polymeric and Composites Specimens Manufactured Using Fused Filament Fabrication Technology

“…In this project, the influences of the main FFF printing parameters were studied by the characterization of different materials subjected to destructive uniaxial tensile tests [ 7 , 8 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Even though there is still not an abundant number of publications referring to these emerging technologies, with regard to specific processes using the FFF technique, a large number of studies have been conducted to analyze the behaviors of specimens using different criteria, highlighting the porosity [ 46 , 47 ], dimensional accuracy [ 48 , 49 , 50 ], influence of temperature [ 11 ] and the rheological behavior [ 51 ], coating and impregnation of reinforcement fibers [ 52 , 53 , 54 ], part distortion [ 55 , 56 ], Domingo-Espin et al on fatigue behavior [ 57 , 58 ], and bond formation [ 59 , 60 ].…”

Representative Volume Element (RVE) Analysis for Mechanical Characterization of Fused Deposition Modeled Components

“…Such reductions could be demonstrated by using the methodology proposed by Patrich et al [ 27 ]. However, the variations of Young’s modulus and the Shear modulus values with respect to the relative density could be seen from the graphs reported in Figure 9 .…”

“…However, the possibility of an optimization of the microstructure in order to reduce voids, as previously presented in [ 27 ], was not taken into consideration. This is due to the hypotheses considered in this study beforehand that established a perfect bonding with no lines or layer boundaries.…”

Heat Sterilization Effects on Polymeric, FDM-Optimized Orthopedic Cutting Guide for Surgical Procedures

“…Once finished, the printed object was removed from the platform and cooled down at room temperature before handling. Printing parameters used for the tested materials ( Table 3 ) were obtained using a parameter optimization procedure presented in previous research by Ferreti et al [ 73 ] in which the cutting guides obtained for testing ensured internal material isotropy ( Figure 6 ). All specimens were printed with E-3D ToolChanger 3D Printer (E3D-Online, Chalgrove, UK) ( Figure 5 ); all technical details about the printer are listed in Table 2 .…”

“…The mechanical properties of 3D-printed polymeric components were influenced by various factors that can be divided into “constant” and “controllable” factors. The analysis of the manufacturing procedure was performed by following the optimization methodology first introduced by Ferretti et al [ 73 ]. Controllable factors include, for example, the thickness of the layer and the raster angle, while constant factors are precisely the parameters that cannot be changed, such as the nozzle diameter.…”