Relationship between Environmental Temperature and Optimum Temperature of Bacteria along a Hot Spring Thermal Gradient

Brock, Thomas D.; Brock, M. Louise

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1968.tb00340.x

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…At station 1, the mat contained only rod-shaped Synechococcus cells and Flexibacteria, typical hot springs organisms (Brock 1969). The mat at station 2 contained, in addition to Flexibacteria, a sheathed, filamentous blue-green alga of the Phormidium type, the individual cells of which were microscopically very similar to Synechococcus rods.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have dealt with habitats of relatively constant temperature, and it was found that the algae occurring at any particular temperature along the thermal gradient were optimally adapted for photosynthesis at that temperature, even at the upper limit for blue-green algae (72 73C) ( Brock 1967). Similarly, the bacteria of these mats were optimally adapted to their particular environmental temperature ( Brock and Brock 196%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Measurement of photosynthesis by the 14C-bicarbonate method and analyses for chlorophyll and protein were performed on samples of mat as described previously (Brock and Brock 1967). Pheophytin estimations ( Strickland and Parsons 1968) were made on the extracts prepared for chlorophyll analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The algal mats of alkaline hot springs characteristically consist of a thin surface layer of blue-green algae of the genus Synechococcwl and an underlying layer of filamentous organisms thought to be members of the Flexibacteria ( Brock 1969). Previous studies have dealt with habitats of relatively constant temperature, and it was found that the algae occurring at any particular temperature along the thermal gradient were optimally adapted for photosynthesis at that temperature, even at the upper limit for blue-green algae (72 73C) ( Brock 1967).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Wide Temperature Fluctuation on the Blue‐green Algae of Bead Geyser, Yellowstone National Park

Mosser

Brock

1971

Limnology & Oceanography

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Optimal temperatures for photosynthesis and growth were determined for thermal bluegreen algae inhabiting the drainway of a small geyser in Yellowstone National Park. The sparse algal mat was exposed to high temperatures only during the brief, highly periodic eruptions of the geyser. Optimal temperatures for the algae were higher than the mean environmental temperatures; as a consequence the algae experienced temperatures optimal for photosynthesis and growth only during a small fraction of the time. A heat-treatment experiment indicated that the algae of this mat were resistant to the high temperatures that occurred during eruption, whereas organisms having the same optimal temperatures but inhabiting a thermally constant environment were more heat sensitive. The thermally fluctuating environment appears to limit the extent of algal growth.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Wide Temperature Fluctuation on the Blue‐green Algae of Bead Geyser, Yellowstone National Park

Mosser

Brock

1971

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…These studies showed that both algae (Brock, 1967) and bacteria (Brock and Brock, 1968) living at different temperatures along these gradients had temperature optima similar to their habitat temperatures. To extend these studies to more normal temperature regimes, studies were also done on bacteria (Zeikus and Brock, 1972) and algae (Boylen and Brock, 1973) living at different temperatures in the thermally heated Firehole River.…”

Section: General Ecological Consequences Of Thermal Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Microbiology of thermally polluted environments. Technical progress report, August 1, 1973--July 31, 1974

Brock¹

1974

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Thermophiles Biodiversity, Ecology, and Evolution

Reysenbach¹,

Voytek²,

Mancinelli³

2001

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xii Preface such enrichment procedures established the foundations of what we know of their diversity and physiology (Ramaley et al.; Johnson et al.). Recent advances in molecular phylogenetic techniques have eliminated the need to culture organisms to assess diversity. Studies based on these techniques have yielded a plethora of diverse, and, sometimes, novel lineages, such as the Korarchaeota (Graber et al.; Ferris et al.; Stoner et al.). Section III contains papers pertaining to the ecology and evolution of thermal spring microbial communities. These papers address aspects of the ecology of thermophiles and discuss how these organisms influence their environment through their physiological activity (Madigan et al.; Rothschild et al.). Thermal habitats can provide insights into unusual physiologies adapted for conditions similar to the early earth's environment. For example, many laminated stromatolite-like structures are found in the Archaean oceans, which are analogous to the structures formed by microbial mats in thermal springs. Findings from studies in these extant environments may aid interpretations of the nature, distribution, and paleoecology of ancient microorganisms (Lowe et al.; Ward et al.).The final section in the book addresses some of the applications and potential uses of thermophiles in industry, including the use of carotenoids as antioxidants in food and feed preparations, bioprocessing such as TNT degradation, and coal solubilization and desulfurization (Combie). Given the recent surge of interest in the biotechnological potential of thermophilic microorganisms, there is a need to clarify resource management policies so that microbial resources can be managed effectively to the benefit of all. The volume concludes with a discussion of ways in which the microbial organisms can be managed in areas such as national parks. Some of the specific issues regarding the management of Yellowstone's microbial resources are: inventory and monitoring of the resources, generation and maintenance of research support, habitat protection, legal and ecological ramifications of bioprospecting, and education (Varley et al.). These issues are of global concern and must eventually be confronted by all nations. Many of the initial discussions that started at the meeting in Yellowstone in 1995 were directed toward addressing these issues.

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Relationship between Environmental Temperature and Optimum Temperature of Bacteria along a Hot Spring Thermal Gradient

Cited by 39 publications

References 6 publications

Effect of Wide Temperature Fluctuation on the Blue‐green Algae of Bead Geyser, Yellowstone National Park

Effect of Wide Temperature Fluctuation on the Blue‐green Algae of Bead Geyser, Yellowstone National Park

Microbiology of thermally polluted environments. Technical progress report, August 1, 1973--July 31, 1974

Thermophiles Biodiversity, Ecology, and Evolution

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