Relationship between dynamic changes of peri-procedure anxiety and short-term prognosis in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary heart disease: A single-center, prospective study

Abstract

Background Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) often experience anxiety, but the current studies on anxiety mostly focused on a certain point in time. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of peri-procedure anxiety, status of post-procedure quality of life, and cardiovascular readmission rates in patients with CHD who undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and to analyze the influence of peri-procedure anxiety on quality of life and readmission rate after PCI. Methods This prospective study was conducted at Changshu NO.1 People’s Hospital. A total of 220 patients with CHD undergoing elective PCI were selected as study subjects. The general information, clinical data, anxiety, quality of life and readmission of patients were collected. Multivariate linear regression was used to examine the effect of peri-procedure anxiety on quality of life, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of peri-procedure anxiety on readmission rate. Results This study showed the anxiety scores at hospitalization appointment(T1), 3 days before procedure(T2), 1 day before procedure(T3), 1 day after procedure(T4) were 57(55,61),64(61,68),54(51.58), and 54(50,60), respectively. And, at 3 months and 6 months after PCI, the scores of Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) were 346.61(319.06,366.52) and 353.34(334.18,372.84) respectively. During 6 months follow-up, 54 cases were readmitted, with a readmission rate of 25.5%. Statistical analysis showed that T1 with anxiety (P = 0.002) and T2 with anxiety (P = 0.024) were independent risk factors for treatment satisfaction at 3 months after PCI. Anxiety in T4 (P = 0.005) was an independent risk factor on the angina frequency at 6 months after PCI. T2 with anxiety (B = 1.445, P = 0.010, 95%CI:1.409–12.773) and T4 without anxiety (B = -1.587, P = 0.042, 95%CI:-0.044–0.941) were risk factors affecting readmission for cardiovascular reasons within 6 months. Conclusion Patient anxiety at T1 and T2 affects the treatment satisfaction dimension of the SAQ at 3 months after PCI, and anxiety at T4 affects the angina frequency dimension of the SAQ at 6 months after PCI. Anxiety at T2 and no anxiety at T4 increase short-term readmission rates. In the future, interventions should be strengthened at various time points in the peri-procedure period to improve post-procedure rehabilitation effect.

Influencing Factors on Cardiovascular Health in China

“…[96] Analysis of data from 2 prospective cohort studies, CKB and DFTJ, indicated that depression was associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality (Table 12), particularly in men. [97] A longitudinal study to investigate anxiety and depression in CAD patients indicated that baseline/ 1-year depression, but not anxiety, were correlated with increased cumulative major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) occurrence. [90] A single-center prospective study showed that peri-procedure anxiety was associated with the prognosis in CAD patients who underwent elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).…”

Advancements in Myocardial Infarction Management: Exploring Novel Approaches and Strategies

“…Diabetes mellitus, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, augments atherosclerosis development and accelerates plaque vulnerability through mechanisms involving oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction [13,14]. Hypertension, another key risk factor, exerts mechanical stress on arterial walls, promoting endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis initiation [15]. Furthermore, psychological factors such as chronic stress, depression, and social isolation have been linked to increased MI risk through mechanisms involving autonomic dysregulation, inflammatory responses, and unhealthy behaviors [16].…”

“…They can detect cTn levels within a few hours of symptom onset, compared to older assays that required several days to provide reliable results. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) guidelines recommend high-sensitivity cTn testing for diagnosing MI, underscoring its importance in clinical practice [15]. Another promising biomarker is the heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), which is released into the bloodstream rapidly after myocardial injury.…”