Relationship between Competency Skills of Bus Vehicle Body Builders and Crashworthiness of School Bus in Nairobi County, Kenya

Abstract

Relationship between Competency Skills of Bus Vehicle Body Builders and Crashworthiness of School Bus in Nairobi County, Kenya 1. Introduction In fact, the first systemic and scientific investigation of this subject was applied between 1879 t to the train axles, and the first was to be applied to railway axles. The crashworthiness is an engineer's term used to define the ability of the structural vehicle to protect its occupants during impact (Jones, 2003). In other words, collision resistance improves the structure's crash efficiency by sacrificing it under influence to prevent accidents for its occupants (Jones 2003). One of the primary variables contributing to worldwide road crash injuries is the growing amount of motor cars. A great deal has been achieved about exposure and development to risk but not sufficient to alleviate the threat. Roof Crush Resistance has created a minimum roof-resistance requirement in the US for "reducing fatalities and accidents owing to crushing roof into occupancy during over-the-counter accidents" (the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 216. This experiment involves pushing a rigid platform at steady velocity on one side of the ceiling. The test was conducted in 1973 and stayed fundamentally unchanged until 2009 (National Highway Traffic Safety Administrator, 2012) when an updated rule was announced. There is an important connection between roof force and injury risk in rollover accidents (Brumbelow, Teoh, Zuby, & McCartt, 2009). In recent years studies on crash resilience and vehicle security have attracted attention with an emphasis on passenger vehicle security inquiry (Prochowski et al. 2011, al-Thairy and Wang 2014). However, the amount of road fatalities in 88 nations has decreased to 1.24 million annually-but the complete amount of road fatalities continues unacceptable elevated. The worldwide general fatality rate for highway traffic is 18 per 100,000 people. The largest annual death tolls in middle-income nations are 20.1 per 100 000, with the lower to 8.7 per 100 000 for high-income countries (World Health Organization, 2013). Bus transit is considered the safest way of transportation for medium and long distances. Nonetheless, with car numbers, the number of bus accidents and victims has risen. The most hazardous bus crash scenarios are known as rolling crashes (Matloscy, 2007). Even as a rare case, only 4-5% of all bus crashes are reversed, almost 50% of all severe and fatal injuries are caused (Gepner, 2014; Martinez et al., 2013). It is not easy to access statistical data on cutting bus accidents. Road safety, killed more than 1,2 million people every year (WHO 2004), is a significant issue globally. While only 0,4% of the overall amount of crashes with college busses (SB) have happened in Alberta during the last century. With