Relationship between Closed-Linear-Kinetic-and Open-Kinetic-Chain Isokinetic Strength and Lower Extremity Functional Performance

Kovaleski, John E.; Heitman, Robert J.; Andrew, Damon P.S.; Gurchiek, Larry R.; Pearsall, Albert W.

doi:10.1123/jsr.10.3.196

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Our data show no statistical relationship between isokinetic quadriceps strength and gait analysis parameters. Some researchers have found positive relationships between isokinetic quadriceps peak torque and functional performance [4, 16, 23] while others have found only a low or no correlation [1, 10, 18, 29]. Several studies examining the effect of strength on gait analysis have been published.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between isokinetic quadriceps strength and laxity on gait analysis parameters in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed knees

Gokeler¹,

Schmalz²,

Knopf³

et al. 2003

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy

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Gait alterations after ACL reconstruction have been reported in the literature. The current study examined a group of 14 patients who all had an ACL reconstruction with a patellar tendon autograft. Kinetic and kinematic data were obtained from the knee during walking. The flexion-extension deficit (FED) calculated from the angular difference between maximal flexion and maximal extension during the stance phase in the ACL-reconstructed and the normal knee was measured. We investigated whether these alterations in gait are related to quadriceps strength and residual laxity of the knee. It may be that patients modify their gait patterns to protect the knee from excessive anterior translation of the tibia by reducing the amount of extension during stance. On the other hand, persistent quadriceps weakness may also cause changes in gait patterns as the quadriceps is functioning as an important dynamic stabilizer of the knee during stance. Results showed that patients had a significantly higher FED value (4.9+/-4.0) than a healthy control group in a previous study (1.3+/-0.9). This is caused mainly by an extension deficit during midstance. External extension moments of the knee (TZMAX were significantly lower in the current patients group than in a healthy control group (TZMAX -0.27+/-0.19 Nm/kg in patients vs. -0.08+/-0.06 Nm/kg in controls). There were no significant correlations between quadriceps strength and gait analysis parameters. Furthermore no correlation was found between the amount of laxity of the knee and gait. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that apparently the measured gait alterations cannot be explained solely by often used biomechanical indicators such as laxity and strength. The measured gait alterations may be a result of the surgical procedure with subsequent modified motor programming.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between isokinetic quadriceps strength and laxity on gait analysis parameters in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed knees

Gokeler¹,

Schmalz²,

Knopf³

et al. 2003

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy

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“…Blackburn and Morrisey (1998) observed moderate to high correlations between the mentioned parameters. On the other hand, Kovaleski et al (2001) discovered only low correlations between PT of knee extensors measured at a velocity of 60°• s -1 and also PT during leg press and a single-leg vertical jump performance. In terms of angular velocities of isokinetic testing, in the case of CMJF we observed the highest correlation values for Pmax in the dominant leg at velocities of 180°• s -1 and 360°• s -1 (third measurement).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

The correlation between isokinetic strength of knee extensors and vertical jump performance in adolescent soccer players in an annual training cycle

Lehnert¹,

Svoboda²,

Cuberek³

2013

Acta Gymnica

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BACKGROUND: Isokinetic testing is often used to provide coaches with important information about the physical status of athletes. Therefore, a number of studies is focused on the assessment of the relationship between isokinetic and functional tests. The results of a limited number of studies indicate that the relationship changes in different training periods. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the characteristics of the isokinetic strength of knee extensors and vertical jump performance in three different periods of the annual training cycle in adolescent soccer players. METHODS: A group of adolescent soccer players (N = 16; average age 16.7 ± 0.7 years) was tested at the end of the competitive season, at the beginning of the off-season and during the sixth week of a new competitive season. The isokinetic concentric peak torque (PT), peak power (Pmax) and time to peak torque (TPT) of the dominant leg and non-dominant leg were measured at angular velocities of 60°• s-1 , 180°• s-1 , 360°• s-1. The explosive strength of the lower extremities was measured using the countermovement jump with free arms (CMJF) method and countermovement jump with the arms crossed over the chest (CMJ). Based on literary reviews, a logically significant value of the correlation was set at > .30. RESULTS: The correlations between the isokinetic strength characteristics and vertical jump performance irrespective of the training period were low to moderate; 56% of the correlations were > .30. In the different periods of the annual training cycle, the occurrence of correlations > .30 as well as their value varied-67% at the end of the competitive season, 31% at the beginning of the off-season and 64% at the beginning of the competitive season. For both types of jumps, the correlations for Pmax and PT parameters were the lowest during the second measurement in most cases; no trend was observed for the TPT parameter. For CMJF the highest correlation values were observed during the third measurement for the Pmax parameter in the dominant leg at 180°• s-1 and 360°• s-1 ; for CMJ during the first measurement for the Pmax and PT parameters at 180°• s-1 in the dominant leg. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study indicate that the significance of the information obtained by measuring the strength of isokinetic extension of the knee joint to assess the jumping ability in soccer players can change during the annual training cycle and that, from this perspective, measurement at 180°• s-1 and at higher velocities should be preferred.

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“…For example, Blackburn and Morrisey [ 45 ] noticed moderate to high correlations between the mentioned parameters. Contrary to these results, Kovaleski et al [ 46 ] presented only low correlations between the power peak (PT) of knee extensors measured at a velocity of 60°/s as well as PT during leg and single-leg vertical jump performance. In turn, Dauty et al [ 47 ] reported a high correlation of the peak moment of force generated by the extensors of the knee joint at a velocity of 180°/s and the height of the vertical jump: SJ = 0.51; CMJ = 0.65.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Relationship between Isokinetic Knee Strength and Speed, Agility, and Explosive Power in Elite Soccer Players

Kabaciński¹,

Szozda²,

Maćkała

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the isokinetic characteristics of knee extensors and flexors with selected motor abilities: Speed, agility, and explosive power of lower extremities of professional football players in the preparation period of a yearly training cycle. Twenty-one players (age: 24.5 ± 3.9 years; body mass: 76.7 ± 4.7 kg and body height: 183.5 ± 5.5 cm) playing in the highest Polish soccer league participated in the study. The isokinetic concentric torque of the knee extensors and flexors was measured at 300°/s, 180°/s, and 60°/s velocities. Sprint performance was assessed in the 30 m sprint test (standing start). The forward, lateral, and backward movements were assessed using the T-Test of agility. Explosive power was quantified by performing the squat jump (SJ) and countermovement (CMJ), using the force platform. Due to sport-specific demands of soccer activities measured in this experiment, the relationships between peak torque (PT) and the 30 m sprint, T-Test of agility, and power of vertical jumps (SJ and CMJ) were low or medium at speeds of 60°/s and 300°/s. One of the main reasons for the lack of high dependence of the above-mentioned factors are that the measurements were performed during the initial training period where the level of individual abilities is at a low level. Additionally, this experiment may also indicate that the measurement of isokinetic knee flexion and extension peak is effective when performed at the correct angular velocity in relation to the evaluation of the intended motion structure.

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Relationship between Closed-Linear-Kinetic-and Open-Kinetic-Chain Isokinetic Strength and Lower Extremity Functional Performance

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

The relationship between isokinetic quadriceps strength and laxity on gait analysis parameters in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed knees

The relationship between isokinetic quadriceps strength and laxity on gait analysis parameters in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed knees

The correlation between isokinetic strength of knee extensors and vertical jump performance in adolescent soccer players in an annual training cycle

Relationship between Isokinetic Knee Strength and Speed, Agility, and Explosive Power in Elite Soccer Players

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