Relationship between circulating serum omentin-1 levels and nascent metabolic syndrome in patients with hypertension

Abstract

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is more common in patients with hypertension and is associated with an increased risk of target organ damage and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD). Omentin-1 is a beneficial adipokine considered to play a role in MetS and MetS-related states such as obesity, diabetes, and coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between circulating omentin-1 levels and MetS uncomplicated by diabetes or CVD (nascent MetS) in patients with hypertension. In this study, 110 patients (54 men, 49%; average age: 49.72±11.32 years) treated for hypertension but without overt diabetes and/or CVD were enrolled. 66 patients were stratified into MetS (+) (group 1) and 44 patients into MetS (−) (group 2) according to the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria. The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index was used to assess insulin resistance. Circulating omentin-1 levels in venous blood samples were measured by an ELISA kit. Circulating omentin-1 levels in patients with MetS were significantly lower than in patients without MetS (46.35 ng/mL (42.70–57.70 ng/mL) vs 130.95 ng/mL (62.83–236.48 ng/mL), p<0.001). Omentin-1 was inversely correlated with TyG index (r=−0.204, p=0.033). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, omentin-1, TyG index, and body mass index were independent predictors of MetS. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determined that the best cut-off value for omentin-1 in predicting MetS was 62.20 ng/mL and the area under the curve was 0.880 (95% CI 0.817 to 0.942, p<0.001). The findings of this study suggest that circulating omentin-1 levels are inversely related to the presence of MetS and may be a reliable marker to predict the development of MetS in patients with hypertension.

Crucial Regulatory Role of Organokines in Relation to Metabolic Changes in Non-Diabetic Obesity

“…In human studies, serum omentin-1 concentrations were lower in obese patients and inversely correlated with the markers of obesity [ 78 ], metabolic syndrome [ 79 ] and diabetic complications [ 80 ]. Low omentin-1 level has been suggested to be a reliable marker to predict the development of MetS in patients with hypertension [ 81 ]. Indeed, omentin-1 was lower in both pre- and postpubertal obese children with metabolic syndrome compared to obese children without metabolic syndrome.…”

Omentin: A Key Player in Glucose Homeostasis, Atheroprotection, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential for Cardiovascular Health in Obesity and Diabetes

“…Omentin-1 levels have been demonstrated to be lowered in dysmetabolic conditions, including diabetes mellitus [5,11,44], obesity [11], and impaired glucose tolerance [45]. Indeed, omentin-1 is downregulated by glucose/insulin levels [4].…”

“…Omentin-1's positive effects on vascular function, including vasodilation, anti-inflammatory actions, and potential anti-atherosclerotic effects, suggest potential applications in cardiovascular diseases [72,73]. Therapies aimed at increasing omentin-1 levels or enhancing its activity could be explored for conditions such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and other cardiovascular disorders [45,55,74].…”

Association of circulating omentin level and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…In addition to mediating insulin resistance, previous studies have shown that omentin-1 played a crucial role in anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and regulation of apoptosis ( 12 – 14 ). It has been demonstrated that decreased circulating omentin levels are associated with MetS as well as MetS comorbidity with obesity, carotid atherosclerosis, and hypertension ( 15 – 18 ). Another meta-analysis found that the omentin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were significantly lower than those in controls, and lower omentin levels increased the risk of complications in patients with diabetes ( 19 , 20 ).…”