Relationship between Central Obesity and the incidence of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia from Cohort Studies Involving 5,060,687 Participants

Tang, Xingyao; Zhao, Wei; Lu, Ming; Zhang, Xin; Zhang, Ping; Zhong, Xin; Sun, Ran; Tian, Weijun; Cardoso, Marly Augusto; Jy, Yang; Simó, Rafael; Zhou, Jianbo; Stehouwer, Coen D. A.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.028

Cited by 49 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The relationships between oestrogen exposure, body composition, and brain health in females are complex and largely unexplored. The menopause transition is linked to an accelerated increase of central fat accumulation ( Lizcano and Guzmán, 2014 ), and abdominal adipose tissue has been associated with higher grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) brain age ( Beck et al, 2022 , Beck et al, 2022 , Subramaniapillai et al, 2022 ), WM hyperintensities (WMH) ( Arnoldussen et al, 2019 , Han et al, 2021 , Lampe et al, 2019 , Pasha et al, 2017 , Park et al, 2018 , Vuorinen et al, 2014 ), and dementia risk ( Kiliaan et al, 2014 , Tang et al, 2021 , Razay et al, 2006 , Whitmer et al, 2008 ). However, in females, adipose tissue also serves as the primary biosynthesis site of oestrogens post-menopause ( Steiner and Berry, 2022 , Bhardwaj et al, 2019 , Kershaw and Flier, 2004 , Siiteri, 1987 , Simpson, 2003 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between abdominal adipose tissue, reproductive span, and brain characteristics in post-menopausal women

Schindler

Subramaniapillai

Barth

et al. 2022

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between abdominal adipose tissue, reproductive span, and brain characteristics in post-menopausal women

Schindler

Subramaniapillai

Barth

et al. 2022

NeuroImage: Clinical

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“…Adipokines have been linked to obesity-related inflammation and direct energy metabolism dysfunction. Not only does this assist in the regulation of eating behaviour, but it also supports issues with memory consolidation in obese people, which has been linked to cognitive dysfunction, including learning and memory processing difficulties, and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…While the physical health sequelae of obesity are well understood, recent empirical evidence suggests a significant impact on the brain [5]. Obesity is a risk factor for neurodegenerative changes and has a deleterious impact on brain function and structure [6]. Atrophy of the temporal brain region, hippocampal, and frontal structure have been found in obese individuals [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Neurocognitive Performance of Memory, Attention, and Executive Function

Lentoor

2022

NeuroSci

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Background: Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of dementia in the future. Obesity is known to affect core neural structures, such as the hippocampus, and frontotemporal parts of the brain, and is linked to memory, attention, and executive function decline. The overwhelming majority of the data, however, comes from high-income countries. In undeveloped countries, there is little evidence of a link between obesity and neurocognition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BMI on the key cognitive functioning tasks of attention, memory, and executive function in a South African cohort. Methods: A total of 175 females (NW: BMI = 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 and OB: BMI > 30.0 kg/m2) aged 18–59 years (M = 28, SD = 8.87 years) completed tasks on memory, attention, and executive functioning. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups. The participants who had a BMI corresponding with obesity performed poorly on the tasks measuring memory (p = 0.01), attention (p = 0.01), and executive function (p = 0.02) compared to the normal-weight group. Conclusions: When compared to normal-weight participants, the findings confirm the existence of lowered cognitive performance in obese persons on tasks involving planning, decision making, self-control, and regulation. Further research into the potential underlying mechanism by which obesity impacts cognition is indicated.

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“…The relationships between oestrogen exposure, body composition, and brain health in females are complex and largely unexplored. The menopause transition is linked to an accelerated increase of central fat accumulation (Lizcano & Guzmán, 2014), and abdominal adipose tissue has been associated with higher grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) brain age (Beck et al, 2022(Beck et al, , 2021bSubramaniapillai et al, 2022), WM hyperintensities (WMH) (Arnoldussen et al, 2019;Han et al, 2021;Lampe et al, 2019;Pasha et al, 2017;Park et al, 2018;Vuorinen et al, 2014), and dementia risk (Kiliaan et al, 2014;Tang et al, 2021;Razay et al, 2006;Whitmer et al, 2008). However, in females, adipose tissue also serves as the primary biosynthesis site of oestrogens post-menopause (Steiner & Berry, 2022;Bhardwaj et al, 2019;Kershaw & Flier, 2004;Siiteri, 1987;Simpson, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between abdominal adipose tissue, reproductive span, and brain characteristics in post-menopausal women

Schindler¹,

Subramaniapillai²,

Barth³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The menopause transition involves changes in oestrogens and adipose tissue distribution, which may influence female brain health post-menopause. Although increased central fat accumulation is linked to risk of metabolic diseases, adipose tissue also serves as the primary biosynthesis site of oestrogens post-menopause. It is unclear whether different types of adipose tissue play diverging roles in female brain health post-menopause, and whether this depends on lifetime oestrogen exposure, which can have lasting effects on the brain and body even after menopause. Using the UK Biobank sample, we investigated associations between brain characteristics and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ASAT) in 10,251 post-menopausal females, and assessed whether the relationships varied depending on length of reproductive span (age at menarche to age at menopause). To parse the effects of common genetic variation, we computed polygenic scores for reproductive span. The results showed that higher VAT and ASAT were both associated with higher grey and white matter brain age, and greater white matter hyperintensity load. The associations varied positively with reproductive span, indicating more prominent associations between adipose tissue and brain measures in females with a longer reproductive span. The results could not be fully explained by genetic variation or relevant confounders. Our findings indicate that associations between abdominal adipose tissue and brain health post-menopause may partly depend on individual differences in cumulative oestrogen exposure during reproductive years, emphasising the complexity of neural and endocrine ageing processes in females.

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Relationship between Central Obesity and the incidence of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia from Cohort Studies Involving 5,060,687 Participants

Cited by 49 publications

References 70 publications

Associations between abdominal adipose tissue, reproductive span, and brain characteristics in post-menopausal women

Associations between abdominal adipose tissue, reproductive span, and brain characteristics in post-menopausal women

Obesity and Neurocognitive Performance of Memory, Attention, and Executive Function

Associations between abdominal adipose tissue, reproductive span, and brain characteristics in post-menopausal women

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