Relationship between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Relative Gut Microbiota Composition in Healthy Adults

Durk, Ryan P.; Castillo, Esperanza; Márquez-Magaña, Leticia; Grosicki, Gregory J.; Bolter, Nicole D.; Lee, C. Matthew; Bagley, James R.

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000537154.58672.e2

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“…Other observational studies have also found correlations between levels of cardiovascular fitness and microbiota composition. Estaki et al (2016) found increased alpha diversity in participants with greater VO 2 max (79), while Durk et al (2019) reported significant correlation between VO 2 max and changes in the ratio of the two dominant phyla, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in a comparable population (80). It should be noted that two of these studies reported significant dietary differences between groups, with the active participants having higher protein and fibre intakes than that of the controls.…”

Section: Physical Activity and The Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of a Mediterranean diet and physical activity in decreasing age-related inflammation through modulation of the gut microbiota composition

2021

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Chronic inflammation is known to be a predominant factor in the development of many age-related conditions including cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that during the ageing process there is an increase in inflammatory biomarkers, which may be partially brought about by detrimental changes to the gut microbiota. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity are protective against inflammation and chronic disease, and emerging evidence has shown that these effects may be partially mediated through favourable changes to the gut microbiota. In this review we have evaluated the published literature on the effect of a MedDiet and physical activity on the gut microbiota. We also discuss the relationship between the gut microbiota and inflammation with a focus on healthy ageing. While inconsistent study designs make forming definitive conclusions challenging, the current evidence suggests that both a MedDiet and physical activity are capable of modifying the gut microbiota in a way that is beneficial to host health. For example, the increases in the relative abundance of short chain fatty acid producing bacteria that are considered to possess anti-inflammatory properties. Modification of the gut microbiota through a MedDiet and physical activity presents as a potential method to attenuate age-related increases in inflammation, additional studies utilising older individuals are needed to fill the knowledge gaps existing in current literature.

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Section: Physical Activity and The Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%