Relationship between Bone Mineral Density and Clinical Features in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Local Study in Turkish Population

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the bone mineral density (BMD) of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) in order to determine the possible risk factors for bone loss. A total of 142 patients with UC (n = 88) and CD (n = 54) participated in the study. They were assessed for gender, body mass index (BMI), disease duration and activity, intestinal site of involvement, history of bowel resection, use of steroids, and extraintestinal findings and complications. The BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. There were no differences in BMD between UC and CD patients. In UC patients, BMI showed a significant positive correlation with BMD. Femoral neck Z scores were lower in patients with extra-intestinal findings and complications. Steroid use, disease activity, disease localization, disease duration, bowel surgery and gender had no influence on BMD. Complications or extra-intestinal involvement were a significant predictor for BMD in both groups.

Frequency of low bone mineral density in Saudi patients with inflammatory bowel disease

“…[24] The frequency reported in the current study was also higher than the recently reported prevalence in comparably aged Asian patients. [2526] However, our results are similar to recent reports regarding the prevalence of BMD in IBD patients in Egypt and the United States. [2728]…”

“…Several studies have reported a trend toward lower BMD in patients with CD when compared with UC patients in both the hip and the lumbar spine,[2631–34] the hip region alone[24] or the lumbar spine alone. [8] The higher prevalence of bone disease in CD is thought to result from ileal and small intestinal involvement, ileal resection, hepatobiliary complications, and the use of cholestyramine, which can lead to vitamin D deficiency, calcium malabsorption, or malnutrition.…”

Abnormal bone metabolism in Crohn's disease

“…Poturoglu et al (47) proposed that complications or extra-intestinal involvement were a significant predictor of BMD in both groups. They studied a total of 142 patients with UC (n = 88) and CD (n = 54), and found that steroid use, disease activity, disease localization, disease duration, bowel surgery and gender had no influence on BMD.…”