Relationship Between Bmi, Total Testosterone, Sex Hormone-Binding-Globulin, Leptin, Insulin and Insulin Resistance in Obese Men

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between sex steroid hormones, sex hormone-binding-globulin, leptin, insulin and insulin resistance in obese men. Anthropometrical indexes, total testosterone (Tt), free testosterone (fT), estradiol (E), sex hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG), glucemia, insulin and leptin were measured in 77 men, with ages between 20 and 60 years. According to their body mass index (BMI), subjects were grouped into three categories: normal body weight (< 24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese group (> 30 kg/m2). Insulin resistance index was obtained by the homeostasis assessment model for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Total testosterone and SHBG concentrations were lower in the obese group compared with normal and overweight subjects (p < 0.05). The mean insulin concentration was significantly higher in the obese group compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). T was negatively correlated with the BMI (r = -0.447; p < .01), WC (r = -0.464); p < .01, leptin (r = -0.382; p < .01), insulin (r = -0.391; p < 0.01) and also with the HOMA-IR (r = -0.416; p < 0.01). The SHBG negatively and significantly correlated with BMI (r = -0.334; p < 0.01) and WC index (= -0.322; p < 0.01), as well with insulin levels (r = -0.313; p < 0.01) and insulin resistance (= -0.266; p < 0.05). Our results shows that in a sample of men, Tt and SHBG concentrations proportionally diminished with both the increase of BMI and insulin resistance index.

The Princeton III Consensus Recommendations for the Management of Erectile Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease

“…Consistent with this notion, androgen deficiency has been associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and increased deposition of visceral fat. [62][63][64][65] In the TIMES2 (Testosterone Replacement In Hypogonadal Men With Either Metabolic Syndrome or Type 2 Diabetes) study, 6 to 12 months of transdermal TRT (vs placebo) significantly improved insulin resistance and glycemic control in a large randomized study of hypogonadal men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (ACCF/AHA class Ib). 66 A meta-analysis of 5 other randomized controlled trials (including 3 placebo-controlled trials) with mean follow-up of 58 weeks found that TRT was associated with a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose levels, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, triglycerides, and WC.…”

Serum testosterone in males with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and microvascular complications

“…Similarly, Haffner et al demonstrated that low sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and testosterone levels are associated with higher glucose and insulin levels and increased obesity (8). Osuna et al correlated waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) to testosterone levels and, in each case, found a significant negative correlation with all these parameters (10). These findings when taken together, raise the possibility that testosterone may be having a protective function against the development of diabetes mellitus in men.…”

Acute cardiac decompensation in a patient with beta‐thalassemia and diabetes mellitus following cessation of chelation therapy

“…There is a close association between insulin resistance (IR) and testosterone deficiency 27. Free and total testosterone levels are inversely correlated with indices of IR such as insulin levels and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) 28, 29, 30. In this case report, the patient's suboptimal testosterone replacement may have further contributed to poor glycemic control 31 and cardiac performance 32.…”