Relationship between atherosclerosis and occlusal support of natural teeth with mediating effect of atheroprotective nutrients: From the SONIC study

Abstract

Whereas most of studies investigating relationship between oral health and atherosclerosis have focused on periodontitis, very few of them were examined about occlusal status of natural teeth which possibly influence dietary habit. The primary aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between the occlusal support of posterior teeth and the prevalence of atherosclerosis in community-dwelling septuagenarians. Also, the second aim was to test the hypothesis that the intake of key nutrients for atherosclerosis prevention would have a mediating effect on the relationship between the occlusal status and atherosclerosis. The study population included 468 community-dwelling dentate persons aged 69–71 years recruited from the local residential registration in Japan. Participants were divided into three groups, according to the number of occlusal support zones (OSZ) in the posterior area: Complete (four OSZ), Moderate (three or two OSZ), and Collapsed (one or no OSZ). Dietary intakes were assessed using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Atherosclerosis was defined as carotid intima-media thickness ≧1.10 mm by using carotid ultrasonography test. The logistic or linear regression model was used in multivariate analysis to assess relationship between occlusal status and atherosclerosis, and the mediating effect of key nutrients within the relationship. Multivariable analysis showed a significant association between occlusal status and atherosclerosis (odds ratio for Collapsed group to Complete group: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.45–2.41), independent of periodontal status (odds ratio: 2.01, 95%CI: 1.46–2.78). Fish and shellfish, vitamin B6 and n-3PUFAs were significantly related to both of occlusal status and atherosclerosis, and also was indicated a mediating effect on the association between occlusal status and atherosclerosis. This study implied that, within the limitation of the cross-sectional study design, the reduced posterior occlusion was related to the increased prevalence of atherosclerosis via the decline of key dietary intakes among Japanese community-dwelling dentate individuals.

Association of handgrip strength with various oral functions in 82‐ to 84‐year‐old community‐dwelling Japanese

“…Periodontal condition was evaluated using periodontal pocket depth (PPD). We measured all remaining teeth of participants, and periodontal condition was categorised into 4 groups, according to deepest PPD of participants: PPD 3 mm or less, PPD 4 or 5 mm and PPD 6 mm or more …”

“…We measured all remaining teeth of participants, and periodontal condition was categorised into 4 groups, according to deepest PPD of participants: PPD 3 mm or less, PPD 4 or 5 mm and PPD 6 mm or more. 16 The bilateral maximal occlusal force was measured using pressure-sensitive sheets (Dental Prescale 50H R type; GC, Tokyo, Japan). The participants performed maximal clenching in the intercuspal position with the sheet placed between their upper and lower dental arches.…”

Comparisons of the Computed Tomographic Scan and Panoramic Radiography Before Mandibular Third Molar Extraction Surgery

“…Two diagnostic modalities to predict the condition of IAN, the close relationship of tooth and canal, and the close relationship to the buccolingual position were compared by non-parametric Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test [ 13 ] followed by Tukey’s post hoc test considering the critical value of the studied range [ q ] >4.136 ( http://elvers.us/stats/tables/qprobability.html ; number of means: 3; degree of freedom: 1,000; comparing with “hypothetical gold standard”) at a significant level [ 14 ]. The association of procedural factors and demographic factors with IAN sensory impairment was compared by non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test [ 4 ] followed by Tukey’s post hoc test considering q >4.136 at a significant level (number of means: 3; the degree of freedom: 956, compared with “hypothetical gold standard”) [ 14 ]. The results were considered significant at a 99% confidence level [ 15 ].…”

Relationships between Changes in Posterior Occlusal Support Status and Risk of Protein-energy Malnutrition among the Japanese Community-dwelling Elderly

“…The dental examination was conducted at the baseline and followup visits by four calibrated dentists. According to the results of the dental examinations, POSS without dentures at the baseline and follow-up visits was categorized into one of three groups based on the number of Occlusal Support Zones (OSZ) present in accordance with Eichner's Index, reflecting the occlusal contacts of the existing natural teeth or fixed prostheses in the premolar and molar regions [12,17,18 ]. The POSS criteria for the subjects were as follows:…”

“…They reported oral health problems such as missing teeth and ill-fitting dentures as factors affecting the ingestion stage [4]. Previous studies evaluated the relationship between oral health problems and nutrition intake based on the number of remaining and missing teeth [5][6][7][8], chewing function [9], periodontal disease [10], and occlusal status [11][12][13][14][15]. Kazuya M reported that factors related to the malnutrition of elderly individuals were aging effects, social factors, psychological factors, and disease factors [16].…”