Relationship between Apgar scores and long-term cognitive outcomes in individuals with Down syndrome

Soriano, Laura del Hoyo; Rosser, Tracie C.; Hamilton, Debra; Harvey, Danielle; Abbeduto, Leonard; Sherman, Stephanie L.

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-90651-3

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Despite this characteristic phenotype, there is considerable variability in the presentation and severity of challenges observed among individuals with DS. This variability is associated with a constellation of environmental and biological factors (del Hoyo et al, 2016 ; del Soriano et al, 2021 ; Karmiloff-Smith et al, 2016 ; Thomas et al, 2020 ). In the study reported here, we examine the association of sex (as assigned at birth, hereafter simply “sex”) with variation in the behavioral phenotype of DS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Among Sex, Cognitive Ability, and Autism Symptoms in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Soriano

Sterling

Edgin

et al. 2022

J Autism Dev Disord

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This study explores sex-differences in (a) rates and profiles of autism symptoms as well as in (b) the contribution of intellectual quotient (IQ) to autism symptom presentation in Down syndrome (DS). Participants were 40 males and 38 females with DS, aged 6 to 23 years. Autism symptoms were rated through the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2). Results show no sex differences in the ADOS-2 Calibrated Severity Scores (CSS). However, only females with DS who are classified as DS-Only have higher scores on verbal IQ than those classified as DS + autism. Furthermore, associations between IQ and all CSSs are found for females, but not for males. Findings suggest that verbal cognition may play differential roles for females and males with DS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Among Sex, Cognitive Ability, and Autism Symptoms in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Soriano

Sterling

Edgin

et al. 2022

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…First, different characteristics might be grouped in perinatal and neonatal status and development. The APGAR score at 1 min after birth is a measure of the physical condition of a newborn infant that can influence the neonatal development [ 38 ]. Hearing loss has been demonstrated to affect language and cognitive skills development [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning based analysis for intellectual disability in Down syndrome

Baldo,

Piovesan,

Rakvin

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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“…Apgar score is a common measurement of the immediate health status of infants after delivery, based on skin complexion, heart rate, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and respiration effort. Apgar score has been shown to be associated with cognitive function as well as risk of childhood cancer [ 36 , 37 ]. We obtained information about paternal age at delivery through the Multi-Generation Register [ 32 , 38 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer risk in individuals with intellectual disability in Sweden: A population-based cohort study

et al. 2021

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Background A knowledge gap exists about the risk of cancer in individuals with intellectual disability (ID). The primary aim of this study was to estimate the cancer risk among individuals with ID compared to individuals without ID. Methods and findings We conducted a population-based cohort study of all children live-born in Sweden between 1974 and 2013 and whose mothers were born in a Nordic country. All individuals were followed from birth until cancer diagnosis, emigration, death, or 31 December 2016 (up to age 43 years), whichever came first. Incident cancers were identified from the Swedish Cancer Register. We fitted Cox regression models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as measures of cancer risk in relation to ID after adjusting for several potential confounders. We analyzed ID by severity, as well as idiopathic ID and syndromic ID separately. We performed a sibling comparison to investigate familial confounding. The study cohort included a total of 3,531,305 individuals, including 27,956 (0.8%) individuals diagnosed with ID. Compared with the reference group (individuals without ID and without a full sibling with ID), individuals with ID were in general more likely to be male. The median follow-up time was 8.9 and 23.0 years for individuals with ID and individuals without ID, respectively. A total of 188 cancer cases were identified among individuals with ID (incidence rate [IR], 62 per 1,000 person-years), and 24,960 among individuals in the reference group (IR, 31 per 1,000 person-years). A statistically significantly increased risk was observed for any cancer (HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.35–1.82; P < 0.001), as well as for several cancer types, including cancers of the esophagus (HR 28.4, 95% CI 6.2–130.6; P < 0.001), stomach (HR 6.1, 95% CI 1.5–24.9; P = 0.013), small intestine (HR 12.0, 95% CI 2.9–50.1; P < 0.001), colon (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0–4.1; P = 0.045), pancreas (HR 6.0, 95% CI 1.5–24.8; P = 0.013), uterus (HR 11.7, 95% CI 1.5–90.7; P = 0.019), kidney (HR 4.4, 95% CI 2.0–9.8; P < 0.001), central nervous system (HR 2.7, 95% CI 2.0–3.7; P < 0.001), and other or unspecified sites (HR 4.8, 95% CI 1.8–12.9; P = 0.002), as well as acute lymphoid leukemia (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3–4.4; P = 0.003) and acute myeloid leukemia (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.4–6.4; P = 0.004). Cancer risk was not modified by ID severity or sex but was higher for syndromic ID. The sibling comparison showed little support for familial confounding. The main study limitations were the limited statistical power for the analyses of specific cancer types, and the potential for underestimation of the studied associations (e.g., due to potential underdetection or delayed diagnosis of cancer among individuals with ID). Conclusions In this study, we found that individuals with ID showed an increased risk of any cancer, as well as of several specific cancer types. These findings suggest that extended surveillance and early intervention for cancer among individuals with ID are warranted.

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Relationship between Apgar scores and long-term cognitive outcomes in individuals with Down syndrome

Cited by 3 publications

References 63 publications

Associations Among Sex, Cognitive Ability, and Autism Symptoms in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Associations Among Sex, Cognitive Ability, and Autism Symptoms in Individuals with Down Syndrome

Machine learning based analysis for intellectual disability in Down syndrome

Cancer risk in individuals with intellectual disability in Sweden: A population-based cohort study

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