Relationship between antidepressants and severity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection: a retrospective cohort study using real-world data

Wang, Huwen; Wei, Yunrong; Hung, Chi Tim; Jiang, Xiaoting; Li, Conglu; Jia, Katherine Min; Leung, Elvis Wai Chung; Yam, Carrie Ho Kwan; Chow, Tsz Yu; Zhao, S. J.; Guo, Zengjun; Li, Kehang; Wang, Ziqing; Yeoh, Eng‐Kiong; Chong, Ka Chun

doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100716

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(68 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, from July 2023 to February 2024, the relative prevalence of HK.3 reached 8%, 7%, and 52%, respectively, in the United States, Europe, and South Korea. XBB.1.9 variants exhibit notably increased transmissibility, and their remarkable immune evasion also triggered concern (7, 12, 13). Thus, we subsequently investigated the virological characteristics of XBB.1.9.1, EG.5.1 and HK.3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased pathogenicity and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.9 sublineage, including HK.3 and EG.5.1

Jin,

Liu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.9 sublineage circulating worldwide, two XBB.1.9 variants, EG.5.1 and HK.3 spread rapidly and became dominant from middle 2023. However, the spike features, pathogenicity, and transmissibility of HK.3 are largely unknown. Here, we performed multiscale investigations to reveal the virological features of XBB.1.9 subvariants, especially the newly emerging HK.3. HK.3 revealed high replication efficiency in vitro. The HK.3 spike exhibited enhanced processing, although its infectivity, fusogenicity, and hACE2 binding affinity were comparable to those of the EG.5 and XBB.1 spikes. All XBB.1.9.1, EG.5.1 and HK.3 strains demonstrated efficient transmission in hamsters, although XBB.1.9.1 exhibited stronger fitness in the upper airways. HK.3 and EG.5.1 exhibited greater pathogenicity than XBB.1.9.1 and BA.2 in H11-K18-hACE2 hamsters. Our studies provide insight into the newly emerging pathogens HK.3 and EG.5.1.ImportanceIn animal models, the ongoing attenuated pathogenicity and poor transmission of Omicron subvariants seems to reach a consensus. However, our results revealed that Omicron XBB.1.9 subvariants, including one of the key variants of interest, EG.5 with its another key subvariant HK.3, universally exhibited both increased pathogenicity and highly transmission. This study reemphasized the importance of surveillance in characteristics of epidemic Omicron subvariants.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased pathogenicity and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.9 sublineage, including HK.3 and EG.5.1

Jin,

Liu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, fluvoxamine stood out as the most probable and investigated member of the class (Hashimoto, 2021; Oskotsky et al, 2021; Vatvani et al, 2023; Visos-Varela et al, 2023). There are conflicting results regarding its use and clinical outcomes in observational studies in various clinical settings (Osores et al, 2023; Stauning et al, 2023; Visos-Varela et al, 2023; Wang et al, 2023). Furthermore, several RCTs carried out in outpatient setting measured mortality as an outcome, yet only one study reported clinical events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific adverse outcomes associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors use in COVID-19 patients might be potentiated by remdesivir use

Papic,

Bistrovic,

Krecak

et al. 2024

J Psychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Due to non-consistent reports in the literature, there are uncertainties about the potential benefits and harms of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Aim: To investigate associations of SSRIs with clinical characteristics and unwanted outcomes among real-life severe and critical COVID-19 patients and their relationship with remdesivir (RDV) use. Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated a total of 1558 COVID-19 patients of the white race treated in a tertiary center institution, among them 779 patients treated with RDV and 779 1:1 case-matched patients. Results: A total of 78 (5%) patients were exposed to SSRIs during hospitalization, similarly distributed among patients treated with RDV and matched patients (5.1 and 4.9%). No significant associations of SSRI use with age, sex, comorbidity burden, and COVID-19 severity were present in either of the two cohorts ( p < 0.05 for all analyses). In multivariate analyses adjusted for clinically meaningful variables, SSRI use was significantly associated with higher mortality among RDV (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.0, p = 0.049) and matched patients (aOR 2.22, p = 0.044) and with higher risk for mechanical-ventilation (aOR 2.57, p = 0.006), venous-thromboembolism (aOR 3.69, p = 0.007), and bacteremia (aOR 2.22, p = 0.049) among RDV treated patients. Conclusions: Adverse outcomes associated with SSRI use in COVID-19 patients might be potentiated by RDV use, and clinically significant interactions between these two drug classes might exist. Although our findings raise important considerations for clinical practice, they are limited by retrospective nature of the study, lack of ethnic diversity, and the potential for unmeasured confounding factors. Future studies exploring underlying biological mechanisms are needed.

show abstract

“…Randomized clinical trials and retrospective studies have already demonstrated that treatment with antidepressants result in a milder course of COVID-19 and a reduced mortality rate [ 20 , 23 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ]. Furthermore, there was a lower infection rate among patients using antidepressants, indicating that fluoxetine and sertraline may have a protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 infections [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoxetine and Sertraline Potently Neutralize the Replication of Distinct SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Thümmler,

Beckmann,

Sehl

et al. 2024

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is still a major health problem. Newly emerging variants and long-COVID-19 represent a challenge for the global health system. In particular, individuals in developing countries with insufficient health care need easily accessible, affordable and effective treatments of COVID-19. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase against infections with various viruses, including early variants of SARS-CoV-2. This work investigated whether the acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors fluoxetine and sertraline, usually used as antidepressant molecules in clinical practice, can inhibit the replication of the former and recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants in vitro. Fluoxetine and sertraline potently inhibited the infection with pseudotyped virus-like particles and SARS-CoV-2 variants D614G, alpha, delta, omicron BA.1 and omicron BA.5. These results highlight fluoxetine and sertraline as priority candidates for large-scale phase 3 clinical trials at different stages of SARS-CoV-2 infections, either alone or in combination with other medications.

show abstract

Relationship between antidepressants and severity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection: a retrospective cohort study using real-world data

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Increased pathogenicity and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.9 sublineage, including HK.3 and EG.5.1

Increased pathogenicity and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.9 sublineage, including HK.3 and EG.5.1

Specific adverse outcomes associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors use in COVID-19 patients might be potentiated by remdesivir use

Fluoxetine and Sertraline Potently Neutralize the Replication of Distinct SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About