Relationship between allergic rhinitis and diamine oxidase activity: A preliminary report

Abstract

Aim: To analyze the diamine oxidase (DAO), the main catabolic enzyme of histamine, degradation activity and its relation with symptoms of persistent allergic rhinitis. Methods: In this descriptive and analytical observational study, we collected DAO activity levels and the nasal peak inspiratory flow. Results: Enzymatic activity deficit in 108 patients was 46.3% (95% CI, 0.44 – 0.63), 33.33% in mild and 47.92% in moderate/severe rhinitis (p = 0.376). The nasal peak inspiratory flow in patients with a deficit in DAO activity was 76.30 ± 28.40 L/min compared to 93.62 ± 37.50 L/min in patients with normal enzymatic activity (p = 0.010). Conclusions: It seems that the lower the catabolic activity of DAO, the lower the nasal peak inspiratory flow observed. Although DAO activity levels could be a severity biomarker in allergic rhinitis, a cause-effect association cannot be concluded. The enzyme could be another actor in the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis.

Exploring the Relationship between Diamine Oxidase and Psychotropic Medications in Fibromyalgia Treatment, Finding No Reduction in Diamine Oxidase Levels and Activity except with Citalopram

“…Diamine oxidase (DAO) is an enzyme mainly located in the gastrointestinal tract that primarily metabolises dietary histamine, and DAO deficiency is a key HIT cause [11]. Insufficient DAO levels, as reported by the International Society of DAO Deficiency, impact multiple body systems, including respiratory (nasal congestion and asthma) [12], cardiovascular (hypotension, hypertension, and arrhythmias) [13], central nervous (hangover-like sensations and dizziness) [14], digestive (irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, stomach pain, and vomiting) [15], muscular (potential link to fibromyalgia and muscle pain) [3], and skeletal (potential osteopathic pain) [16] symptoms. HIT and DAO deficiency are associated with fibromyalgia, particularly in women with AOC1 (amine oxidase, copper containing 1, which codifies the DAO enzyme) gene variants, which are associated with a reduced DAO enzyme activity [3,17].…”

Diamine Oxidase Activity Deficit and Idiopathic Rhinitis: A New Subgroup of Non-Allergic Rhinitis?

“…DAO gene transcription or enzyme function may be reduced in certain gene polymorphisms [ 20 , 22 , 23 ]. Recent clinical studies have established a relationship between DAO malfunction and specific pathologies, mainly dermatological, respiratory (including AR), gastrointestinal, and neurological [ 20 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. However, no studies have addressed the relationship between a DAO enzymatic activity deficit and IR and its correlation with symptoms.…”

Diamine Oxidase Interactions with Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Migraine Medicines in the Treatment of Migraine

“…The International Society of DAO Deficiency reports that insufficient levels of DAO enzyme can lead to a range of negative impacts on different body systems [16]. These effects encompass the respiratory system (resulting in symptoms like nasal congestion and asthma [19]), the cardiovascular system (manifesting as hypotension, hypertension, and arrhythmias [20]), the central nervous system (causing conditions like hangover-like sensations, and dizziness [21]), the digestive system (contributing to issues such as irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, early satiety, stomach pain, and vomiting [22]), the muscular system (potentially leading to fibromyalgia and muscle pain [23]), and the skeletal system (potentially causing osteopathic pain [24]). In addition, HIT and DAO deficiency have been associated with migraines [25].…”