2021
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136690
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Relationship Between Air Pollution and the Concentration of Nitric Oxide in the Exhaled Air (FeNO) in 8–9-Year-Old School Children in Krakow

Abstract: The consequences of air pollution pose one of the most serious threats to human health, and especially impact children from large agglomerations. The measurement of nitric oxide concentration in exhaled air (FeNO) is a valuable biomarker in detecting and monitoring airway inflammation. However, only a few studies have assessed the relationship between FeNO and the level of air pollution. The study aims to estimate the concentration of FeNO in the population of children aged 8–9 attending the third grade of pub… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…As infants were typically assessed at 12 noon (± 2 h), the mean concentration for the 24 h to 12 pm local time (Australian Eastern Standard Time or Australian Eastern Daylight Time when applicable) was calculated from the hourly data. Since there is evidence for lagged effect of air pollutants [20,21], seven-day mean values were also calculated for each air pollutant in the same way.…”
Section: Air Pollution and Weathermentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…As infants were typically assessed at 12 noon (± 2 h), the mean concentration for the 24 h to 12 pm local time (Australian Eastern Standard Time or Australian Eastern Daylight Time when applicable) was calculated from the hourly data. Since there is evidence for lagged effect of air pollutants [20,21], seven-day mean values were also calculated for each air pollutant in the same way.…”
Section: Air Pollution and Weathermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While there is no published data on the effect of recent (seven days or less) exposure to air pollutants on eNO in infants, elevated eNO in children has been associated with recent exposure to environmental air pollutants including NO 2 , O 3 , carbon monoxide (CO), benzene, PM10 and particulate matter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) [19][20][21].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on the analysis of the European Commission, approximately 47,000 Polish residents die prematurely every year due to air pollution, including 36,500 due to PM2.5 suspended dust [1]. 9 out of 10 people in the world breathe polluted air, which causes approximately 7 million deaths annually [2].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Breathing in dusty air for short periods is linked to conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), coughing, breathlessness, wheezing, asthma, respiratory illnesses, and higher rates of hospitalisation. Over the long term, exposure to dust can lead to chronic asthma, reduced lung function, and cardiovascular diseases [31,33,34]. Furthermore, air pollution contributes to the development of visual impairment, kidney disease, and disruptions in the hormonal and central nervous systems, causing growth retardation and reduced immunity to bacterial infections.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, pollution seems to have various adverse health effects early in human life, such as respiratory, cardiovascular, and psychological disorders, as well as perinatal complications [36]. These early health problems can ultimately result in mortality or chronic diseases during adulthood [34,37].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%