Relationship Between Air Pollution and Certain Chronic Disease Death Rates

Hickey, Richard J.; Schoff, Elisabeth P.; Clelland, Richard C.

doi:10.1080/00039896.1967.10664990

Cited by 65 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…It has been reported that HIF-1␤ is not significantly affected by cellular oxygen tension (3). HIF-1␣ protein is rapidly degraded under normoxic condition by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (54,55), whereas hypoxia and CoCl 2 (56,57) induce both the stabilization and the transactivation of HIF-1␣ (34,35). It has also been reported that insulin, like hypoxia, induces HIF-1␣ expression (46 -49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data on the carcinogenic activity of vanadium is limited. Epidemiological studies have shown a correlation between vanadium exposure and the incidence of cancer in humans (33)(34)(35)(36). Some reports indicate that vanadium increases the frequency of micronuclei and polyploid cells, decreases mitotic index, and induces DNA single strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links (37)(38)(39).…”

Section: Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1 (Hif-1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vanadate-induced Expression of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor through Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway and Reactive Oxygen Species

Gao¹,

Ding²,

Zheng³

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

182

125

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Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a heterodimeric basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor composed of HIF-1␣ and HIF-1␤/aryl hydrocarbon nuclear translocator subunits. HIF-1 expression is induced by hypoxia, growth factors, and activation of oncogenes. In response to hypoxia, HIF-1 activates the expression of many genes including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin. HIF-1 and VEGF play an important role in angiogenesis and tumor progression. Vanadate is widely used in industry, and is a potent inducer of tumors in humans and animals. In this study, we demonstrate that vanadate induces HIF-1 activity through the expression of HIF-1␣ but not HIF-1␤ subunit, and increases VEGF expression in DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells. We also studied the signaling pathway involved in vanadate-induced HIF-1␣ and VEGF expression and found that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling was required for HIF-1 and VEGF expression induced by vanadate, whereas mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway was not required. We also found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were involved in vanadate-induced expression of HIF-1 and VEGF in DU145 cells. The major species of ROS responsible for the induction of HIF-1 and VEGF expression was H 2 O 2 . These results suggest that the expression of HIF-1 and VEGF induced by vanadate through PI3K/Akt may be an important signaling pathway in the vanadate-induced carcinogenesis, and ROS may play an important role.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1 (Hif-1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vanadate-induced Expression of Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor through Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway and Reactive Oxygen Species

Gao¹,

Ding²,

Zheng³

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

182

125

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“…Since then, a number of studies have found strong correlations between hypertension and Cd concentrations in blood and plasma, urine, kidney cortex and other tissues (see NAS, 1979, for a good review). Higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, has been reported in populations living in areas polluted with Cd (Hickey et al, 1967;Nogawa, 1981). The concentration of airborne Cd was found to be strongly correlated with hypertensive and atherosclerotic heart disease in 26 large cities in the USA (Carroll, 1966).…”

Section: Cardiovascular Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A silent epidemic of environmental metal poisoning?

Nriagu¹

1988

Environmental Pollution

491

184

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“…As early as 1976, Morgan (155) wrote: "Blood and urine may be convenient fluid s to measure, but neither is well correlated with kidn ey or liver content, which together comprise about on e half of the body burden [p 1361)." In contrast, the blood contains only Two of the remaining six positive studies employed the cadmium content in air in a number of American cities as a measure of expo sur e. Th e result s were then corr elated to CVD mortality, and a po sitive relationship was found (131,132). Thi s method is problematical for many reasons.…”

Section: Cadmiummentioning

confidence: 99%