Relationship between age and in-hospital mortality during 15,345,025 non-surgical hospitalizations

Abstract

IntroductionMortality, whether in or out of hospital, increases with age. However, studies evaluating in-hospital mortality in large populations did not distinguish between surgical and non-surgical causes of death, either in young or in elderly patients. The aim of the study was to assess in-hospital non-surgical mortality in a large group of patients, with a special focus on the elderly.Material and methodsData from the database of the Polish National Health Fund (NHF) regarding hospitalizations of adult (≥ 18 years) patients not related to surgical procedures in the years 2009–2013 were used to assess in-hospital mortality.Results15,345,025 hospitalizations were assessed. The mean in-hospital non-surgery-related mortality rate was 3.96 ±0.17%, and increased from 3.79% to 4.2% between 2009 and 2013. The mean odds ratio for in-hospital death increased with the age of patients, reaching a 229-fold higher rate in the ≥ 95 years age group as compared to the 18–24 age group. The highest mean mortality was associated with respiratory diseases (6.91 ±0.20%), followed by heart and vascular diseases, nervous system diseases, as well as combined gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, pancreas and spleen diseases (5.65 ±0.27%, 5.46 ±0.05% and 4.01 ±0.13%, respectively).ConclusionsThe in-hospital non-surgery-related mortality rate was approximately 4%. It significantly increased with age and, regardless of age, was highest in patients suffering from respiratory diseases.

Factors Associated With Mortality in Elderly Hospitalized Patients at Admission

“…Compared with younger patients, older persons who attend the emergency department are often sicker, more likely to stay longer in the emergency room and more likely to be admitted to the hospital [ 1 ]. Moreover, during hospitalization, the mortality rate in elderly patients has been reported to be 4.7-fold higher than in the younger patients [ 2 ]. The evaluation of elderlies at the emergency department is complicated because along with the acute pathological conditions that lead them to the hospital, there is also an underlying premorbid health status that plays a significant role [ 3 ].…”

Analysis on Cause-Specific Atherothrombotic Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Mexico: 2011-2015

“…Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world with more than 17.9 million persons affected per year. It accounts for approximately 30% of all deaths, out of which 80% occur in low-to middle-income countries [1][2][3][4][5][6]. It is estimated that by 2020, about 23.6 million people will die from CVD, alarmingly maintaining the first rank in mortality worldwide [4,5].…”

“…It accounts for approximately 30% of all deaths, out of which 80% occur in low-to middle-income countries [1][2][3][4][5][6]. It is estimated that by 2020, about 23.6 million people will die from CVD, alarmingly maintaining the first rank in mortality worldwide [4,5]. CVD encompasses a group of disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels, including ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease (PAD), heart failure, and sudden death, among other atherothrombotic and nonatherothrombotic diseases.…”

“…It is estimated that 92.1 million adults in the United States have at least one type of CVD. Among these patients, 46.7 million are people aged > 60 years [3,4,6].…”

“…Along with diabetes mellitus, the National Health System considers CVD as the main noncommunicable health problem in the country [4]. We aimed to analyze the population mortality due to specific CVD causes of death during the period 2011-2015.…”