Relationship between adipokines and manifestations of childhood asthma

Abstract

Although the prevalences of asthma and obesity are increasing substantially in recent decades, very little is known about the possible association between them. We evaluated the roles of leptin, adiponectin, and resistin, which are adipokines produced by adipose tissue, on childhood asthma, and their association with pulmonary function and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. We studied 149 atopic asthmatic children, 37 non-atopic asthmatic children, and 54 healthy children. Body mass index was calculated using height and weight, which were measured on the same day that pulmonary function tests and methacholine challenge tests were performed. Skin prick tests were performed, and total eosinophil count, total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), serum eosinophil cationic protein, leptin, adiponectin, and resistin were measured in all subjects. Atopic asthmatics had lower resistin levels compared with non-atopic asthma and control groups, but leptin and adiponectin did not show any difference among these three groups. Resistin demonstrated positive correlation with methacholine PC(20) and negative correlations with eosinophil count and serum total IgE. Leptin and adiponectin showed associations with forced expiratory volume in 1 s or forced expiratory flow between 25-75%. Multiple regression analysis revealed that resistin was a significant predictive factor for asthma. There was no direct association between asthma and leptin or adiponectin. Our findings suggest that resistin may play a negative predictive role in asthma. Adiponectin and leptin showed close associations with pulmonary function and may have disease-modifying effects in children with asthma.

Leptin and resistin in overweight patients with and without asthma

“…22 As suggested in the article published by Sood et al, leptin levels might not be the link in the association between the obesity and asthma. Although in this work a significant association was found between BMI and leptin levels as well as the leptin levels and asthma in women, the associations turned out to be independent and the research did not confirm that leptin is in fact the link between the two diseases.…”

The role of resistin as a regulator of inflammation: Implications for various human pathologies

“…Elevated plasma resistin levels in asthmatic patients compared with control individuals as well as resistin levels that increase with disease severity have been demonstrated in the asthma cohort [131]. On the other hand, atopic asthmatic children have lower resistin levels compared to non-atopic asthma and control groups [132].…”

Adiponectinemia e indicadores fisiológicos em adolescentes obesos asmáticos e não-asmáticos

“…6 Existem relatos de que a obesidade também está relacionada ao desencadeamento de crises de asma ao provocar alterações na mecânica respiratória e na resposta inflamatória das vias aéreas causadas pelo excesso de tecido adiposo no organismo. [4][5][6][7] O aumento do tecido adiposo induz ao desequilíbrio na secreção de adipocitocinas, tendo papel chave no surgimento de doenças relacionadas ao estilo de vida. 8 As adipocitocinas possuem numerosas funções, que incluem a regulação da saciedade, carboidratos, metabolismo lipídico e sensibilidade à insulina.…”

“…4 Evidências demonstram que os hormônios do tecido adiposo podem induzir alterações inflamatórias específicas e apresentar efeitos modificadores da doença em obesos asmáticos. 7,15,17 As relações de adiponectina com variáveis como a massa gorda e aptidão física, não tem sido muito estudadas em crianças e adolescentes. 13 Nesse contexto, o presente estudo objetivou analisar as relações comportamentais entre as respostas de adiponectina e os indicadores fisiológicos em adolescentes obesos asmáticos e não-asmáticos.…”