Relationship Between Aberrant Salience, Psychotic Symptoms and Pharmacological Treatment in a Follow-up Study: is the Salience a Lifetime Trait?

Godini, Lucia; Cravaro, V. Ramella; Lelli, Lorenzo; Campone, Beatrice; Ciampi, E.; Corsi, Elisa; Tofani, Tommaso; Ballerini, Andrea

doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30634-9

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The assessment of aberrant salience in people with prodromal and full-blown psychotic symptoms might well be a noteworthy clinical tool both for diagnostic and prognostic purposes (Lucia Godini et al, 2015).…”

Section: The Aberrant Saliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing the ASI-NPI project: preliminary analysis of a study exploring the role of cannabis, salience alterations and youth in determining psychotic symptoms severity

Boy,

Merola,

Patti

et al. 2023

Preprint

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the present paper describes the preliminary results of a study centered on the effect of salience alterations and cannabis use on the intensity of psychotic symptoms in adolescent and adult cohorts. The exploratory analysis focused on cross-sectional scores at psychometric questionnaires of 64 participants allocated to 4 different subgroups. A hierarchical pattern in the psychopathology measures was observed in the adult subgroups, with Psychotic patients scoring higher in several domains than other patients from the Psychiatric and Neurologic Units; in turn, adolescents reported a more severe intensity of psychotic symptoms at the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale subscales (p-value: < 0.05) when compared to adult one, while no significant difference was observed in cannabis exposure or Aberrant Salience Inventory scores (p-value: 0.22). These results suggest that aberrant salience and, to a lesser degree, cannabis use might play a role in determining psychotic symptoms severity, especially in more at-risk life phases. Public Significance Statement: the present study displays how salience alterations in younger patients might lead to intensified psychotic symptoms, while exploring parallel psychopathological domains and explaining the layout of a wider project. The role of cannabis use in this equation is still to be clarified.

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Section: The Aberrant Saliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing the ASI-NPI project: preliminary analysis of a study exploring the role of cannabis, salience alterations and youth in determining psychotic symptoms severity

Boy,

Merola,

Patti

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the last decade there has been an increase in data regarding salience alterations and their relevance to psychosis psychopathology (Godini et al ., 2015; Kapur, 2003). Salience is not a new concept; the observation and description of some of the features associated with this entity date back to Jaspers and Conrad (Mishara, 2010; Mishara & Fusar‐Poli, 2013; Sass & Ratcliffe, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant Salience Inventory: A meta‐analysis to investigate its psychometric properties and identify screening cutoff scores

Merola

Boy

Fascina

et al. 2023

Scandinavian J Psychology

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IntroductionThe Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) is a useful tool to measure salience abnormalities among the general population. There is strong clinical and scientific evidence that salience alteration is linked to psychosis. To the present day, no meta‐analysis evaluating ASI's psychometric properties and screening potential has been published.Materials and MethodsPubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Embase were searched using terms including “psychosis,” “schizophrenia,” and “Aberrant Salience Inventory.” Observational and experimental studies employing ASI on populations of non‐psychotic controls and patients with psychosis were included. ASI scores and other demographic measures (age, gender, ethnicity) were extracted as outcomes. Individual patients' data (IPD) were collected. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on the IPD.ResultsEight articles were finally included in the meta‐analysis. ASI scores differ significantly between psychotic and non‐psychotic populations; a novel three‐factor model is proposed regarding subscales structure. Theoretical positive predictive values (PPVs) and negative predictive values (NPVs) were calculated and presented together with different cutoff points depending on preselected specific populations of interest.DiscussionPPV and NPV values reached levels adequate for ASI to be considered a viable screening tool for psychosis. The factor analysis highlights the presence of a novel subscale that was named “Unveiling experiences.” Implications regarding the meaning of the new factor structure are discussed, as well as ASI's potential as a screening tool.

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“…One such measure is the Aberrant Salience Inventory (Cicero et al, 2010). In a recent follow-up study, Godini et al (2015) found it to be associated with the lifetime presence psychotic symptoms, and not with a reduction in psychotic symptoms after pharmacological treatment. Recently, the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5; Krueger et al, 2012) was developed in accordance with the criterion B of the Alternative Model on Personality Disorders.…”

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confidence: 99%

Self-Reported Cognitive Biases Are Equally Present in Patients Diagnosed With Psychotic Versus Nonpsychotic Disorders

Bastiaens¹,

Claes²,

Smits³

et al. 2018

J Nerv Ment Dis

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We investigated the relation between subjective cognitive biases measured with the Dutch Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases (DACOBS-NL) and (1) the presence of a psychotic versus nonpsychotic psychiatric disorder, (2) the current dose of antipsychotic medication and current psychotic symptoms, and (3) the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5) Psychoticism personality trait. Results showed that DACOBS-NL subjective cognitive biases (1) were equally present in patients diagnosed with nonpsychotic disorders compared with patients with a psychotic disorder, (2) could not be explained by the current dose of antipsychotic medication, nor by current psychotic symptoms, and (3) significantly correlated with all PID-5 Personality domains. Moreover, in predicting membership of the psychotic versus nonpsychotic psychiatric disorder group, the addition of the PID-5 domains in step 2 rendered the contribution of the DACOBS-NL subjective cognitive biases in step 1 nonsignificant. Further research is needed to clarify the interplay between cognitive biases and aberrant salience in the prediction of psychotic disorders.

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Relationship Between Aberrant Salience, Psychotic Symptoms and Pharmacological Treatment in a Follow-up Study: is the Salience a Lifetime Trait?

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Introducing the ASI-NPI project: preliminary analysis of a study exploring the role of cannabis, salience alterations and youth in determining psychotic symptoms severity

Introducing the ASI-NPI project: preliminary analysis of a study exploring the role of cannabis, salience alterations and youth in determining psychotic symptoms severity

Aberrant Salience Inventory: A meta‐analysis to investigate its psychometric properties and identify screening cutoff scores

Self-Reported Cognitive Biases Are Equally Present in Patients Diagnosed With Psychotic Versus Nonpsychotic Disorders

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