Relationship among sociodemographic and sport variables, exercise dependence, and burnout: a preliminary study in athletes

Abstract

Título: Relación entre variables sociodemográficas y deportivas, dependencia del ejercicio y burnout: un estudio preliminar en deportistas. Resumen: El objetivo de estudio fue conocer la prevalencia de la sintomatología de dependencia al ejercicio físico y del burnout en deportistas, así como su relación con variables demográficas y deportivas. La muestra estaba formada por 449 deportistas españoles, 320 hombres y 129 mujeres (edad: M = 19.71; DT = 6.62) a los que se le administró las versiones españolas de la Escala de Dependencia del Ejercicio-Revisada y la versión reducida del Athlete Burnout Questionnaire. Los resultados de la prevalencia mostraron un riesgo de dependencia del ejercicio en el 8.7% de los deportistas, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la edad (mayor dependencia en deportistas menores de 18 años), pero sin diferencias respecto al género, dedicación deportiva y tipo de deporte. Respecto al burnout, medido a través de sus tres dimensiones, las cifras de prevalencia se sitúan en 4% para agotamiento físico/emocional y 4.9% para devaluación de la práctica deportiva y para reducida sensación de logro. Los hombres y los practicantes de deportes colectivos presentan más reducida sensación de logro. Los hombres también refieren más devaluación de la práctica deportiva, al igual que los deportistas de más de 18 años. Los participantes que dedican menos tiempo a sus entrenamientos presentan mayores niveles de reducida sensación de logro, pero los que dedican más tiempo, presentan mayores niveles de agotamiento físico/emocional. Por último, sobre la relación dependencia al ejercicio físico y burnout, todas las dimensiones de burnout correlacionaron positivamente con la dependencia al ejercicio físico. Palabras clave: Dependencia; burnout; deportistas; prevalencia, variables sociodemográficas y deportivas. Abstract:The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of exercise dependence and athlete burnout and their relationship between them and among demographic and sport characteristics in a sample of 449 Spanish athletes, 320 males and 129 females (Age: M = 19.71; SD = 6.62). All of them replied the Spanish versions of Exercise Dependence ScaleRevised and reduced version of Athlete Burnout Questionnaire. Results of prevalence showed a risk of exercise dependence in 8.7% of the athletes, with statistically significant differences in age (greater exercise dependence was found in athletes under the age of 18 years old), not in gender, sport dedication and type of sport. Regarding burnout, measured through its three dimensions, the data of prevalence showed 4% for emotional/physical exhaustion and 4.9% for sport devaluation and reduced sense of accomplishment. Men and team-sport athletes showed a greater reduced sense of accomplishment. Men and athletes over the age of 18 also showed more sport devaluation. As for sport dedication, participants who spent less time training had higher levels of reduced sense of accomplishment, whereas those who dedicated more time had higher levels of emo...

Analysis of Sociodemographic and Psychological Variables Involved in Sleep Quality in Nurses

“…Generally, doing frequent physical exercise is beneficial for improving sleep, both in terms of sleep latency and slow-wave sleep. These types of benefits are usually seen in adults who are middle-aged and older who have difficulties falling asleep [31].…”

Aspectos relacionados con la dependencia al ejercicio físico en estudiantes universitarios

“…Exercise dependence is an infrequent pathology (Morris et al, 1990). In university students it represents a low proportion in the same lines as recent studies (Reche et al, 2015;Reche et al, 2018). Most exercise dependence cases are in women, athletes below the age of 20, those with more weekly training sessions and in athletes with more sport experience.…”

Mood, Burnout, and Dispositional Optimism in Kayak Polo Players During Their Competitive Stage

“…Having described the statements in the previous paragraphs, it is necessary to specify that taking into account the burnout of the athlete as a result of training overload is to consider a multidimensional phenomenon where different factors come into play, such as emotional and physical fatigue, decreased achievement, and sport devaluation (Goodger et al, 2007a;Reche et al, 2018). Early studies on burnout defined the concept within the framework of feelings of failure and exhaustion in the face of excessive demands on energy, strength, and personal resources (Carlin and Garcés de los Fayos Ruiz, 2010).…”

“…Thus, in the last decade, numerous studies can be found in which the authors measure burnout syndrome in different collective sports modalities such as football (Lopes Verardi et al, 2015), rugby Eklund, 2005, 2006), and volleyball (Vieira et al, 2013). On the other hand, research on burnout in individual sports such as athletics (Reche et al, 2018), swimming (Larson et al, 2019), tennis and table tennis (Goodger et al, 2007b;Martinent et al, 2014Martinent et al, , 2020, or olympic wrestling (Gil et al, 2015) stand out.…”