Relationship among hyperinsulinemia, insulin  resistance, and hypertension is dependent on sex

Galipeau, Denise; Yao, Linfu; McNeill, John H.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00238.2002

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, there was no gender differences in our neonatal rats fed with cane syrup. This plausibly confirmed that the resistance to MetS by the female rats reported by these workers [28] is associated with age and the hormonal factor responsible manifest at adult age of the rodent's life [29]. 3.96±0.20 3.74±0.34 * value highly significant (p < 0.0001) across the column; No significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) in the other circulating metabolic substrates amongst the control and treatment groups after 10-day treatment.…”

Section: Metabolic Substratessupporting

confidence: 78%

Metabolic syndrome susceptibility of suckling male and female rats given oral administration of natural honey compared with cane syrup

2018

J App Biol Biotech

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The acute effects of natural honey (NH) and cane syrup (golden syrup, GS) on metabolism in 89 (10-day old) suckling Sprague Dawley rats were investigated. Low dose group fed 10mls/kg of either NH or GS; high dose group gavaged with 20mls/kg of either solution; while the fifth group, control received 10mls/kg distilled water. All treatments were administered via stomach tube twice daily for 10 consecutive days. The pups were euthanized on day 21 for the measurements of metabolic substrates and long bones. All the dietary treatments induced significant (p<0.001, ANOVA) body weight gain. There was no difference (p≥0.05) amongst all the groups in all the parameters measured (NFG; NFT; hepatic lipids and glycogen; as well as length and weight of the femur and the tibia), except the values of plasma free fatty acids (p<0.0001) and hepatic lipid content (p<0.001) that were significantly higher in GS-fed than the honey fed pups. The study showed that despite the rapid growth phase of the neonatal pups shown as BW gain, the adverse effects associated with the consumption of refined sugars, did not manifest prominently within the short term, but could develop with chronic exposure as previously reported.

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Section: Metabolic Substratessupporting

confidence: 78%

Metabolic syndrome susceptibility of suckling male and female rats given oral administration of natural honey compared with cane syrup

2018

J App Biol Biotech

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“…2). In contrast, all animals on a standard diet (6% fat) demonstrated normal glucose clearance at all time points (8,12, and 16 wk).…”

Section: Vcd-treated Mice Had Impaired Glucose Tolerance After 12 Weementioning

confidence: 88%

“…In humans, increased insulin sensitivity has been reported in females via increased insulin-mediated glucose reuptake in muscles and insulinmediated FFA reuptake (17,25). Studies in Wistar rats demonstrated that females needed less insulin in response to an oral glucose challenge compared with males (8). In postmenopausal women, hormone replacement therapy attenuated insulin resistance (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of ovarian function in the VCD mouse-model of menopause leads to insulin resistance and a rapid progression into the metabolic syndrome

Romero-Aleshire¹,

Diamond‐Stanic²,

Hasty³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Romero-Aleshire MJ, Diamond-Stanic MK, Hasty AH, Hoyer PB, Brooks HL. Loss of ovarian function in the VCD mouse-model of menopause leads to insulin resistance and a rapid progression into the metabolic syndrome. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 297: R587-R592, 2009. First published May 13, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90762.2008.-Factors comprising the metabolic syndrome occur with increased incidence in postmenopausal women. To investigate the effects of ovarian failure on the progression of the metabolic syndrome, female B 6C3F1 mice were treated with 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) and fed a high-fat (HF) diet for 16 wk. VCD destroys preantral follicles, causing early ovarian failure and is a well-characterized model for the gradual onset of menopause. After 12 wk on a HF diet, VCD-treated mice had developed an impaired glucose tolerance, whereas cycling controls were unaffected [12 wk AUC HF mice 13,455 Ϯ 643 vs. HF/VCD 17,378 Ϯ 1140 mg/dl/min, P Ͻ 0.05]. After 16 wk on a HF diet, VCD-treated mice had significantly higher fasting insulin levels (HF 5.4 Ϯ 1.3 vs. HF/VCD 10.1 Ϯ 1.4 ng/ml, P Ͻ 0.05) and were significantly more insulin resistant (HOMA-IR) than cycling controls on a HF diet (HF 56.2 Ϯ 16.7 vs. HF/VCD 113.1 Ϯ 19.6 mg/dl ⅐ U/ml, P Ͻ 0.05). All mice on a HF diet gained more weight than mice on a standard diet, and weight gain in HF/VCD mice was significantly increased compared with HF cycling controls. Interestingly, even without a HF diet, progression into VCD-induced menopause caused a significant increase in cholesterol and free fatty acids. Furthermore, in mice fed a standard diet (6% fat), insulin resistance developed 4 mo after VCD-induced ovarian failure. Insulin resistance following ovarian failure (menopause) was prevented by estrogen replacement. Studies here demonstrate that ovarian failure (menopause) accelerates progression into the metabolic syndrome and that estrogen replacement prevents the onset of insulin resistance in VCD-treated mice. Thus, the VCD model of menopause provides a physiologically relevant means of studying how sex hormones influence the progression of the metabolic syndrome.estrogen; cholesterol; glucose; insulin BY THE YEAR 2025, POSTMENOPAUSAL aged women will make up 20% of the U.S. population. In addition the incidence of obesity is also increasing. Obesity particularly contributes to the metabolic syndrome, which is an increasingly prevalent disorder that afflicts ϳ47 million people in the United States (2) and involves a clustering of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The incidence of diabetes seems to be slightly lower in women than men throughout most of life (37); however, as estrogen levels drop, the estrogen/androgen ratio changes in postmenopausal women, and a change in this ratio may affect cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome (12,14,15). Indeed, postmenopausal women display an increased insulin resistance compared with premenopausal women, predisposing them to the development of diabetes.In animals, ovariec...

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“…In a rat model of diabetes that uses fructose feeding, males develop insulin resistance and hypertension, while females exhibit less severe metabolic changes and no hypertension [33]. In addition, ovariectomy results in hypertension and vascular dysfunctions, as seen in fructose-fed males [33], and exacerbates metabolic changes in rats receiving high doses of insulin (in place of diet-induced hyperinsulinaemia) [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiomyocyte dysfunction in insulin-resistant rats: a female advantage

et al. 2006

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Aims/hypothesis: The goal of this investigation was to determine whether there are sex-related differences in the development of cardiomyocyte dysfunction in prediabetic, insulin-resistant animals. Materials and methods: Male and female rats were maintained on a high-sucrose diet for 5-11 weeks, and mechanical properties of isolated ventricular myocytes were measured by high-speed video edge detection. Several in vitro interventions were used to manipulate intracellular Ca 2+ in order to determine whether altered Ca 2+ availability contributes to the cardiomyocyte dysfunction. Results: Myocyte shortening and relengthening were significantly slower in sucrose-fed (insulin-resistant) males than in starch-fed (normal) male rats, whereas only relengthening was slower in sucrose-fed females when compared with normal females. Areas under the contraction and relaxation phases for sucrose-fed males were also significantly larger than in diet-matched females, and the slowed cardiomyocyte mechanics appeared earlier in males (7 vs 10 weeks). Prolonged relaxation was ameliorated in myocytes from sucrose-fed female rats by all interventions (i.e. 10 −8 mol/l isoprenaline, elevated extracellular Ca 2+ , and higher rates of stimulation). Twice as much extracellular Ca 2+ (4 mmol/l) was required to restore normal time courses of contraction and relaxation in sucrose-fed males than in females, and mechanical responses to higher frequency stimulation remained impaired (slower) in some myocytes from sucrose-fed male rats. Conclusions/ interpretation: These data suggest that in myocytes from insulin-resistant rats altered Ca 2+ handling occurs, contributing to abnormal excitation-contraction coupling; female rats seem to have some cardioprotection during early stages in the progression towards type 2 diabetes. Females show delayed onset and milder abnormalities in metabolic status and cardiomyocyte function, but with a much tighter temporal coupling of these dysfunctions.

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Relationship among hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension is dependent on sex

Cited by 48 publications

References 32 publications

Metabolic syndrome susceptibility of suckling male and female rats given oral administration of natural honey compared with cane syrup

Metabolic syndrome susceptibility of suckling male and female rats given oral administration of natural honey compared with cane syrup

Loss of ovarian function in the VCD mouse-model of menopause leads to insulin resistance and a rapid progression into the metabolic syndrome

Cardiomyocyte dysfunction in insulin-resistant rats: a female advantage

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