Relations between the structure of storage and the transport of chemical compounds in karstic aquifers

Vaute, Laurent; Drogue, C.; Garrelly, Laurent; Ghelfenstein, M.

doi:10.1016/s0022-1694(96)03245-3

Cited by 34 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Potential evaporation is generally increasing from north to south and has an important impact on recharge rates as well, for instance in the Arabian Peninsula and the Alps. Mountain ranges are considered to be the water towers of the world (Viviroli et al, 2007). Here the MTN landscapes also show the largest recharge volumes due to the large precipitation volumes they receive, though with a considerable spread in our study.…”

Section: Realism Of Spatial Patternsmentioning

confidence: 70%

A large-scale simulation model to assess karstic groundwater recharge over Europe and the Mediterranean

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Karst develops through the dissolution of carbonate rock and is a major source of groundwater contributing up to half of the total drinking water supply in some European countries. Previous approaches to model future water availability in Europe are either too-small scale or do not incorporate karst processes, i.e. preferential flow paths. This study presents the first simulations of groundwater recharge in all karst regions in Europe with a parsimonious karst hydrology model. A novel parameter confinement strategy combines a priori information with recharge-related observations (actual evapotranspiration and soil moisture) at locations across Europe while explicitly identifying uncertainty in the model parameters. Europe's karst regions are divided into four typical karst landscapes (humid, mountain, Mediterranean and desert) by cluster analysis and recharge is simulated from 2002 to 2012 for each karst landscape. Mean annual recharge ranges from negligible in deserts to > 1 m a −1 in humid regions. The majority of recharge rates range from 20 to 50 % of precipitation and are sensitive to subannual climate variability. Simulation results are consistent with independent observations of mean annual recharge and significantly better than other global hydrology models that do not consider karst processes (PCR-GLOBWB, WaterGAP). Global hydrology models systematically under-estimate karst recharge implying that they over-estimate actual evapotranspiration and surface runoff. Karst water budgets and thus information to support management decisions regarding drinking water supply and flood risk are significantly improved by our model.

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Section: Realism Of Spatial Patternsmentioning

confidence: 70%

A large-scale simulation model to assess karstic groundwater recharge over Europe and the Mediterranean

et al. 2015

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“…The large extent of the phreatic zone for type 1 karst systems may have significant consequences on transport (Vaute et al, 1997;Motyka, 1998;Martin and Dean, 2001). The role of low permeability volumes will be more important in the case of aquifers having higher matrix hydraulic conductivity and effective porosity such as the simulated scenarios shown by Birk et al (2005Birk et al ( , 2006.…”

Section: Extension Of the Model To Other Karst Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of tributary mixing in chemical variations at a karst spring, Milandre, Switzerland

Perrin

Jeannin

Cornaton

2007

Journal of Hydrology

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Summary Solute concentration variations during flood events were investigated in a karst aquifer of the Swiss Jura. Observations were made at the spring, and at the three main subterraneous tributaries feeding the spring. A simple transient flow and transport numerical model was able to reproduce chemographs and hydrographs observed at the spring, as a result of a mixing of the concentration and discharge of the respective tributaries. Sensitivity analysis carried out with the model showed that it is possible to produce chemical variations at the spring even if all tributaries have constant (but different for each of them) solute concentrations. This process is called tributary mixing. The good match between observed and modelled curves indicate that, in the phreatic zone, tributary mixing is probably an important process that shapes spring chemographs. Chemical reactions and other mixing components (e.g. from low permeability volumes) have a limited influence.Dissolution-related (calcium, bicarbonate, specific conductance) and pollution-related parameters (nitrate, chloride, potassium) displayed slightly different behaviours: during moderate flood events, the former showed limited variations compared to the latter. During large flood events, both presented chemographs with significant changes. No significant event water participates in moderate flood events and tributary mixing will be the major process shaping chemographs. Variations are greater for parameters with higher spatial variability (e.g. pollution-related). Whereas for large flood events, the contribution of event water becomes significant and influences the chemographs of all the parameters. As a result, spring water vulnerability to an accidental pollution is low during moderate flood events and under base flow conditions. It strongly increases during large flood events, because event water contributes to the spring discharge.

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“…Understanding of flow through karst aquifers, and the chemical and isotopic composition of the water clearly have high social relevance because of the susceptibility of karst to contamination through rapid infiltration (e.g., Field, 1988;Zuber and Motyka, 1994;Boyer and Pasqarell, 1995;Vaute et al, 1997), and the impacts of karst processes on water resources. Fundamental karst processes such as karstification, speleogenesis, aquifer evolution, and sinkhole formation are all controlled by geochemical reactions (Dreybrodt, 1981;Beck, 1986;Palmer, 1991;Romanov et al, 2003;Gabrovsek et al, 2004).…”

Section: Challenges To Water Resource Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers of Karst Research: Proceedings and recommendations of the workshop held in San Antonio, Texas on 3-5 May 2007. Karst Waters Institute Special Publication 13

White¹,

Martin²

2009

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The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggesstions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA, 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any oenalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. a. REPORT Frontiers of Karst Research Karst Waters Institute Special Publication 1314. ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF:This project was a Workshop, held in San Antonio, Texas, May 3-5, 2007. The objective of the workshop was to assess the current state of knowledge of karst aquifers, caves, and the broader scientific values that could be derived from their study. The term "karst" is used to describe landscapes underlain by soluble rocks and as a result has developed landforms such as sinkholes, sinking streams, and caves. Such landscapes have special environmental hazards such as contaminated water supplies, sinkhole collapses, and other land instability. The caves that underlie such landscapes offer special opportunities for studies of biodiversity and species evolution in cave organisms. Cave deposits are being rapidly developed as archives U REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) TITLE AND SUBTITLE 08-01-200913. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views, opinions and/or findings contained in this report are those of the author(s) and should not contrued as an official Department of the Army position, policy or decision, unless so designated by other documentation. Frontiers of Karst Research Karst Waters Institute Special Publication 13Report Title ABSTRACTThis project was a Workshop, held in San Antonio, Texas, May 3-5, 2007. The objective of the workshop was to assess the current state of knowledge of karst aquifers, caves, and the broader scientific values that could be derived from their study. The term "karst" is used to describe landscapes underlain by soluble rocks and as a result has developed landforms such as sinkholes, sinking streams, and caves. Such landscapes have special environmental hazards such as contaminated water supplies, sinkhole collapses, and other land instability. The caves that underlie such landscapes offer special opportunities for studies of biodiversity and species evolution in cave organisms. Cave deposits are being rapidly developed as archives for paleoclimatic information that extends from the present back into the ice ages. The description of ground water flow and contaminant transport in karst aquifers require advanced method...

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Relations between the structure of storage and the transport of chemical compounds in karstic aquifers

Cited by 34 publications

References 6 publications

A large-scale simulation model to assess karstic groundwater recharge over Europe and the Mediterranean

A large-scale simulation model to assess karstic groundwater recharge over Europe and the Mediterranean

The role of tributary mixing in chemical variations at a karst spring, Milandre, Switzerland

Frontiers of Karst Research: Proceedings and recommendations of the workshop held in San Antonio, Texas on 3-5 May 2007. Karst Waters Institute Special Publication 13

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