Relations between physical training, acclimatization, and heat tolerance

Gisolfi, C. V.; Robinson, Sarah

doi:10.1152/jappl.1969.26.5.530

Cited by 107 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…Residents in Singapore who were acclimated to the tropical climate have been found to have a higher body temperature than people in temperate climates (Adam and Ferres, 1954). Several studies indicated that a smaller increment of the T re in a warm ambient temperature has often been observed in HA people (Gisolfi and Robinson, 1969;Gisolfi, 1973;Henane and Bittel, 1975;Nielsen et al, 1993). This higher core temperature accompanying HA has often been reported in the literature (Davy, 1850;Sundstroem, 1927;Mason, 1940;Renbourn, 1946;Ladell, 1964;Cisse et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Effects of Exercise in the Heat on Thermoregulation of Japanese and Malaysian Males

Saat

Tochihara

Hashiguchi

et al. 2005

J. Physiol. Anthropol.

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The effect of low-intensity exercise in the heat on thermoregulation and certain biochemical changes in temperate and tropical subjects under poorly and well-hydrated states was examined. Two VO 2max matched groups of subjects consisting of 8 Japanese (JS) and 8 Malaysians (MS) participated in this study under two conditions: poorlyhydrated (no water was given) and well-hydrated (3 mL · Kg Ϫ1 body weight of water was provided at onset of exercise, and the 15th, 35th and 55th min of exercise). The experimental room in both countries was adjusted to a constant level (Ta: 31.6Ϯ0.03°C, rh: 72.3Ϯ0.13%). Subjects spent an initial 10 min rest, 60 min of cycling at 40% VO 2max and then 40 min recovery in the experimental room. Rectal temperatures (T re ) skin temperatures (T sk ), heart rate (HR), heat-activated sweat glands density (HASG), local sweat rate (M sw-back ) and percent dehydration were recorded during the test. Blood samples were analysed for plasma glucose and lactate levels.The extent of dehydration was significantly higher in the combined groups of JS (1.43Ϯ0.08%) compared to MS (1.15Ϯ0.05%). During exercise M sw-back was significantly higher in JS compared to MS in the well-hydrated condition. The HASG was significantly more in JS compared to MS at rest and recovery. T re was higher in MS during the test. T sk was significantly higher starting at the 5th min of exercise until the end of the recovery period in MS compared to JS.In conclusion, tropical natives have lower M sw-back associated with higher T sk and T re during the rest, exercise and recovery periods. However, temperate natives have higher M sw-back and lower T sk and T re during experiments in a hot environment. This phenomenon occurs in both poorly-hydrated and wellhydrated states with low intensity exercise. The differences in M sw-back , T sk and T re are probably due to a setting of the core temperature at a higher level and enhancement of dry heat loss, which occurred during passive heat exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Effects of Exercise in the Heat on Thermoregulation of Japanese and Malaysian Males

Saat

Tochihara

Hashiguchi

et al. 2005

J. Physiol. Anthropol.

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“…Fit indIvIduals would be expected to react with less physiological distress than untrained subjects when exposed to acute heat stress (6,7,9,10,16). ThIs favorable reaction Is thought to be related to the more stable cardiovascular system (i.e., a higher stroke volume and lower HR at any given oxygen consumption) and the enhanced sweating for a given change in body temperature which occurs as a consequence of training (7,9,14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses of physically fit men and women to acclimation to humid heat

Avellini¹,

Kamon²,

Krajewski³

1980

Journal of Applied Physiology

142

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“…Progressively increase the intensity and duration of work in the heat with a combination of strenuous interval training and continuous exercise. 6,9,14,33,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] Well-acclimatized athletes should train for 1 to 2 hours under the same heat conditions that will be present for their event. 6,45,46 In a cooler environment, an athlete can wear additional clothing during training to induce or maintain heat acclimatization.…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Exertional Heat Illnesses

Casa¹,

DeMartini²,

Bergeron³

et al. 2015

Journal of Athletic Training

168

353

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Objective: To present recommendations for the prevention, recognition, and treatment of exertional heat illnesses and to describe the relevant physiology of thermoregulation.Background: Certified athletic trainers evaluate and treat heat-related injuries during athletic activity in ''safe'' and highrisk environments. While the recognition of heat illness has improved, the subtle signs and symptoms associated with heat illness are often overlooked, resulting in more serious problems for affected athletes. The recommendations presented here provide athletic trainers and allied health providers with an integrated scientific and practical approach to the prevention, recognition, and treatment of heat illnesses. These recommendations can be modified based on the environmental conditions of the site, the specific sport, and individual considerations to maximize safety and performance.Recommendations: Certified athletic trainers and other allied health providers should use these recommendations to establish on-site emergency plans for their venues and athletes. The primary goal of athlete safety is addressed through the prevention and recognition of heat-related illnesses and a welldeveloped plan to evaluate and treat affected athletes. Even with a heat-illness prevention plan that includes medical screening, acclimatization, conditioning, environmental monitoring, and suitable practice adjustments, heat illness can and does occur. Athletic trainers and other allied health providers must be prepared to respond in an expedient manner to alleviate symptoms and minimize morbidity and mortality.Key Words: heat cramps, heat syncope, heat exhaustion, heat stroke, hyponatremia, dehydration, exercise, heat tolerance H eat illness is inherent to physical activity and its incidence increases with rising ambient temperature and relative humidity. Athletes who begin training in the late summer (eg, football, soccer, and cross-country athletes) experience exertional heat-related illness more often than athletes who begin training during the winter and spring. [1][2][3][4][5] Although the hot conditions associated with late summer provide a simple explanation for this difference, we need to understand what makes certain athletes more susceptible and how these illnesses can be prevented. PURPOSEThis position statement provides recommendations that will enable certified athletic trainers (ATCs) and other allied health providers to (1) identify and implement preventive strategies that can reduce heat-related illnesses in sports, (2) characterize factors associated with the early detection of heat illness, (3) provide on-site first aid and emergency management of athletes with heat illnesses, (4) determine appropriate return-toplay procedures, (5) understand thermoregulation and physiologic responses to heat, and (6) recognize groups with special concerns related to heat exposure. ORGANIZATIONThis position statement is organized as follows:1. Definitions of exertional heat illnesses, including exerciseassociated muscle (heat) cramps, he...

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Relations between physical training, acclimatization, and heat tolerance

Cited by 107 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Exercise in the Heat on Thermoregulation of Japanese and Malaysian Males

Effects of Exercise in the Heat on Thermoregulation of Japanese and Malaysian Males

Physiological responses of physically fit men and women to acclimation to humid heat

National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Exertional Heat Illnesses

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