Relations Between Dairy Food Intake and Arterial Stiffness

Abstract

Modifiable risk factors, such as diet, are becomingly increasingly important in the management of cardiovascular disease, one of the greatest major causes of death and disease burden. Few studies have examined the role of diet as a possible means of reducing arterial stiffness, as measured by pulse wave velocity, an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dairy food intake is associated with measures of arterial stiffness including carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and pulse pressure. A cross-sectional analysis of a subset of the Maine Syracuse Longitudinal Study sample was performed. A linear decrease in pulse wave velocity was observed across increasing intakes of dairy food consumption (ranging from never/rarely to daily dairy food intake). The negative linear relationship between pulse wave velocity and intake of dairy food was independent of demographic variables, other cardiovascular disease risk factors and nutrition variables. The pattern of results was very similar for pulse pressure, while no association between dairy food intake and lipid levels was found. Further intervention studies are needed to ascertain whether dairy food intake may be an appropriate dietary intervention for the attenuation of age-related arterial stiffening and reduction of cardiovascular disease risk.

Dairy food products: good or bad for cardiometabolic disease?

“…The few intervention studies (94,123,128,136,(145)(146)(147)(148) that have assessed the effects of milk and dairy product consumption on glucose and insulin concentrations to date were included in a recent systematic review and meta-analysis by Benatar et al (149) . This showed that there was no significant change in fasting blood glucose between high-and low-fat dairy diets (overall mean change 1·32, 95 % CI 0·19, 2·45 mg/dl; 0·073, 95 % CI 0·011, 0·136 mmol/l).…”

Does Dairy Food Intake Predict Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure in Men? Evidence from the Caerphilly Prospective Study

“…, and like blood pressure (2) , may be influenced by dairy food intake (3) . Few studies have investigated the effects of consumption of these foods on prospective measures of arterial stiffness.…”

Dairy Consumption and Hypertension: Arterial Stiffness and Pulse Pressure

“…Our most recent search of the literature (November 27, 2012) indicated no cross-sectional or prospective examination of dairy consumption in relation to this important outcome variable, other than our recent study. 3 In a sample of 587 community-based participants of the MaineSyracuse Study (58% men, mean age 65, SD=12), stroke and dementia excluded, we reported a statistically significant linear cross-sectional relation between self-reported dairy intake, PWV, systolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure, but found no significant association between dairy intake and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, or high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. This was true for a basic model adjusting for age, sex, education, and race, as well as an extended model additionally adjusted for height and weight (or waist circumference), heart rate, antihypertensive drug treatment, mean arterial pressure, the lipid values, depressed mood, grains per day, vegetables per day, sweets per day, protein per day, and total food servings per day.…”