Relations among Chronicity, Diagnosis, Premorbid Adjustment, Defensiveness and Two Measures of Perceptual Scanning

Haley, Graham A.

doi:10.2466/pms.1971.33.3f.1163

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Eysenck, Granger, and Brengelmann (1957), in a relatively uncontrolled perimetric study, reported significantly reduced peripheral vision among neurotic and psychotic as compared to normal subjects. Haley (1971) and Scherer (1972) found that chronic schizophrenics had longer reaction times to visual stimuli presented in the periphery than normal subjects. Neale (1971) found that schizophrenics were unable to recognize letters presented in the near periphery (2-3 degrees) than normals.…”

Section: Visual-spatial Extensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention in schizophrenia: An analysis of selectivity in the functional visual field.

Cegalis¹,

Leen²,

Solomon³

1977

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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A visual-spatial approach to the study of attention dysfunction was presented. The hypotheses of broadened and narrowed attention were tested by comparing peripheral visual discrimination of acute schizophrenic, chronic schizophrenic, and normal subjects within two regions of the functional visual field. Pairs of visual stimuli were presented at four display angles. Measures of response accuracy, response latency, and latency of eye movement to peripheral stimuli were obtained. The data indicated that acute schizophrenics generally discriminated peripheral signals more accurately than chronic schizophrenics or normals. Normals discriminated signals more accurately than chronic schizophrenics. These results suggested the differential use of selective strategies. Limitations in the use of peripheral information among chronic schizophrenics implied a reduction in the amount of information transmitted in a selective act and a reduction in the economy of selective activities. In contrast to normals, acute schizophrenics utilized more efficient selective strategies over a greater spatial area, implying greater transmission of information within discrete selective acts. The data also indicated that schizophrenics initiated eye movements earlier than normals and that response latency was greater for acute schizophrenics than for normals. The results were interpreted as providing partial support for Venables's theory of input dysfunction.Numerous authors have suggested that a deficiency in selective attention is a primary feature of schizophrenia. However, knowledge of attention in psychopathological states and its relation to maladaptive behavior is regrettably poor. Qualitative evidence inferred

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Section: Visual-spatial Extensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention in schizophrenia: An analysis of selectivity in the functional visual field.

Cegalis¹,

Leen²,

Solomon³

1977

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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show abstract

“…more hypervigilant and attuned to visual and auditory stimuli than were nonparanoids and other psychiatric groups (Haley, 1971;Lynn, 1963;Silverman, 1964aSilverman, , 1964bSilverman, , 1964c. Research dealing with the perceptual style (field dependence) concomitants of paranoia may also be relevant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Selective attention to threatening stimuli and field independence as factors in the etiology of paranoid behavior.

Locascio¹,

Snyder²

1975

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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To test a theory that selective attention to threatening stimuli induces paranoia, an attempt was made to manipulate attention to threatening and nonthreatening statements among college students and examine the effects on three indices of paranoia. Although manipulation checks indicated that attention was varied in the desired manner, hypothesized results in which selective attention to threatening statements would lead to greater scores on the paranoia measures were not found. However, a measure of field independence snowed a predicted positive correlation with the indices of paranoia for subjects who were manipulated to attend selectively to threatening statements. These same correlations tended to be negative or zero among subjects manipulated to attend to nonthreat and among unbiased attenders. These data suggest that susceptibility to development of paranoid behavior through selective attention to threat cues may increase as a function of field independence.A theory proposed by Ullmann and Krasner (1969) for the etiology of paranoia has found substantial empirical validation. This theory asserts that learned selective attention to threatening stimuli may be a causative agent in the development of persecutory delusions. Biased perceptual input due to the selective attention purportedly leads an individual to form conclusions about his environment which appear as delusions to others not engaging in the "abnormal" attentional behavior. The often noted normal' or even superior intelligence of the pure paranoiac allows him to form logically sound generalizations from the data he perceives, but the biased selection of data from which he is generalizing can only lead him to form conclusions about his environment which are false. Furthermore, his inability to find fault with his logic makes him rigid in his views.In support of this theory, a number of studies have found unusual attentional behavior in paranoid schizophrenics: They seemed

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Visuomotor performance of schizophrenic patients and normal controls in a picture viewing task

Gäebel

Ulrich

Frick

1987

Biological Psychiatry

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Relations among Chronicity, Diagnosis, Premorbid Adjustment, Defensiveness and Two Measures of Perceptual Scanning

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Attention in schizophrenia: An analysis of selectivity in the functional visual field.

Attention in schizophrenia: An analysis of selectivity in the functional visual field.

Selective attention to threatening stimuli and field independence as factors in the etiology of paranoid behavior.

Visuomotor performance of schizophrenic patients and normal controls in a picture viewing task

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