Relation of the angular momentum of surface modes to the position of their power-flow center

Kim, Kyoung-Youm; Wang, Alan

doi:10.1364/oe.22.030184

Cited by 5 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Our group investigated the origin of this AM and showed that its spin component results from the rotation of the electric field comprising the surface mode [7,11]. We also proposed a geometrical interpretation that associates the total AM carried by a surface mode with the position of its power-flow center or the balance point of power flow through it [12]. (We note that a similar relation was first proposed in [13] for optical beams in free space.…”

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confidence: 64%

“…Can we devise a surface mode whose (Abraham) SAM is parallel with its total AM (J A 0 )? (We have c 2 J A 0 ŷhz − z 0 i, where z 0 indicates the coordinate of the reference point with respect to which the total AM is defined [12].) With z 0 0, the answer is yes: if ε r μ r of the layer where the major power flows is negative, we can obtain J A 0 · S A 0 ∝ hzihκ z ∕ε r μ r i > 0 since hzihκ z i < 0 [25].…”

Section: Dng-dpg Eng-dpg Eng-mngmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AM of a surface-mode light is, however, a transverse one, i.e., its direction is normal to the propagating direction of the light. This unique feature has made it a topic of interest for the last few years [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Our group investigated the origin of this AM and showed that its spin component results from the rotation of the electric field comprising the surface mode [7,11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SAM per unit length along the propagation direction (hereafter simply SAM) is defined by S AM R s AM dz. Normalizing S AM , as in the case of the total AM [12], we can obtain the Abraham and Minkowski SAMs of the surface mode per unit power as…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spin angular momentum of surface modes from the perspective of optical power flow

Kim

Wang

2015

Opt. Lett.

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We show that the spin angular momentum (SAM) carried by a surface mode can be linked to the expectation value, with respect to the distribution of optical power flow, of its decay constant by itself or divided by the product of permittivity and permeability of the medium. Rewriting the formulas for the SAM of a surface mode using the relation between the SAM density and the Poynting vector and then normalizing the light field so that the surface mode carries unit power, we derive novel formulas that show the linear relation between the SAM and those expectation values. The effect of propagation loss is also discussed briefly.

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confidence: 64%

Section: Dng-dpg Eng-dpg Eng-mngmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Spin angular momentum of surface modes from the perspective of optical power flow

Kim

Wang

2015

Opt. Lett.

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“…Although results of that work are erroneous in several aspects (calculation errors, mixing of the spin and orbital AM, etc), its methodology inspired us to perform microscopic calculations presented in section 4. Second, Kim and Wang aimed to calculated Abraham and 'naïve' Minkowski (without dispersion terms) versions of the transverse spin AM in SPPs [72][73][74]. However, their results are also misleading.…”

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confidence: 99%

Optical momentum and angular momentum in complex media: from the Abraham–Minkowski debate to unusual properties of surface plasmon-polaritons

2017

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We examine the momentum and angular momentum (AM) properties of monochromatic optical fields in dispersive and inhomogeneous isotropic media, using the Abraham-and Minkowski-type approaches, as well as the kinetic (Poynting-like) and canonical (with separate spin and orbital degrees of freedom) pictures. While the kinetic Abraham-Poynting momentum describes the energy flux and the group velocity of the wave, the Minkowski-type quantities, with proper dispersion corrections, describe the actual momentum and AM carried by the wave. The kinetic Minkowski-type momentum and AM densities agree with phenomenological results derived by Philbin. Using the canonical spinorbital decomposition, previously used for free-space fields, we find the corresponding canonical momentum, spin and orbital AM of light in a dispersive inhomogeneous medium. These acquire a very natural form analogous to the Brillouin energy density and are valid for arbitrary structured fields. The general theory is applied to a non-trivial example of a surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) wave at a metal-vacuum interface. We show that the integral momentum of the SPP per particle corresponds to the SPP wave vector, and hence exceeds the momentum of a photon in the vacuum. We also provide the first accurate calculation of the transverse spin and orbital AM of the SPP. While the intrinsic orbital AM vanishes, the transverse spin can change its sign depending on the SPP frequency. Importantly, we present both macroscopic and microscopic calculations, thereby proving the validity of the general phenomenological results. The microscopic theory also predicts a transverse magnetization in the metal (i.e. a magnetic moment for the SPP) as well as the corresponding direct magnetization current, which provides the difference between the Abraham and Minkowski momenta.

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Electromagnetic dynamical characteristics of a surface plasmon-polariton

Bekshaev

Mikhaylovskaya

2019

Optik

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We consider an electromagnetic field near the interface between two media with arbitrary real frequency-dependent permittivities and permeabilities, under conditions supporting the surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) propagation. The dispersion of the electric and magnetic properties is taken into account based on the recent approach for description of the spin and momentum of electromagnetic field in complex media [Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 073901 (2017); New J. Phys., 19, 123014 (2017)]. It involves the Minkowski momentum decomposition into spin and orbital parts with the dispersion-modified permittivities and permeabilities. Explicit expressions are derived for spatial densities of the energy, energy flow, spin and orbital momenta and angular momenta of the transverse-magnetic (TM) SPP field. The expressions are free from nonphysical singularities; the only singular contribution describes a strictly localized surface part of the spin momentum that can be associated with the magnetization current in the conductive component of the SPP-supporting structure. On this ground, a phenomenological theory of the SPP-induced magnetization (predicted earlier based on the simplified microscopic approach) is outlined. Possible modifications and generalizations, including the transverse-electric (TE) SPP waves, are discussed. IntroductionDuring the past decades, a significant interest has been attracted to the study of localized optical fields associated with interfacial regions between nanostructured metals and dielectrics [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Especially, the running evanescent surface waves (surface plasmon-polaritons, SPP) are intensively investigated in connection with the optical nano-probing and precise optical manipulation. Additionally, the SPP fields pave new ways for the light wave-guiding, switching and controlling by sub-wavelength elements, which is crucial for further microminiaturizing of optical information devices and systems. Many applications are stimulated by the unique dynamical properties of the evanescent waves and SPPs, in particular, the transverse spin and momentum [7-9], the special spin-momentum locking [9,10], nonreciprocity and unidirectional propagation [9][10][11][12].Earlier, the wide application of SPP-based techniques was restricted by the rather special requirements to materials that support efficient SPP generation and propagation [2][3][4][5]. However, with advent of a novel class of engineered composite materials, including the metamaterials, lefthanded materials, sculptured films, etc. [4,[13][14][15][16], almost any combination of the electric and magnetic parameters in the optical frequency range is becoming available [4,10,[17][18][19], which offers additional and unexpected possibilities for the research and applications. As a rule, exclusive properties of new materials are accompanied by the strong dispersion (frequency dependence of the

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Relation of the angular momentum of surface modes to the position of their power-flow center

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Spin angular momentum of surface modes from the perspective of optical power flow

Spin angular momentum of surface modes from the perspective of optical power flow

Optical momentum and angular momentum in complex media: from the Abraham–Minkowski debate to unusual properties of surface plasmon-polaritons

Electromagnetic dynamical characteristics of a surface plasmon-polariton

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