Relation of the A-B distinction and trust-distrust sets to addict patients' self-disclosures in brief interviews.

Berzins, Juris I.; Ross, Wesley F.; Cohen, Dan

doi:10.1037/h0029347

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Also, with TAS patients, B-type interviewers outperformed As on total (p < .05) and neutral (p < .02) but not on personal topics. Taken together, these results offer substantial support to the interaction hypothesis and are also consistent with the findings of Berzins et al (1970) with addict patients, and those of Greene (1971) and Welch (1971) with Veterans Administration inpatients.…”

Section: Intrainterview Measuressupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The finding that A-type interviewers sat closer to the patients than did Bs is consistent with the results of the Berzins et al (1970) study and of the Green (1971) and Welch (1971) studies, in which the A interviewer was rated 'as "warmer" than the B interviewer. Note, however, that this index of behavioral "approach" strikingly contra- Note.…”

Section: Intrainterview Measuressupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The main dependent measure was depth of patient self-disclosure, rated by both judges on a 0-3 scale (Berzins, Ross, & Cohen, 1970). Depth of self-disclosure ratings were assigned to every interview topic perceived as distinct by each judge; the topics were later subgrouped according to the personal-neutral distinction.…”

Section: Dependent Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A and B undergraduate interviews of schizophrenic and neurotic inpatients: A test of the interaction hypothesis.

Barnes¹,

Berzins²

1978

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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In an attempt to elucidate further the personological basis of the differential compatibility of A and B therapists with schizophrenic and neurotic patients, this study required A and B undergraduate volunteers (20 males, 20 females) to conduct 20-minute interviews with male state hospital inpatients (40 schizophrenics, 40 neurotics) in a 2 (interviewer A-B status) X 2 (interviewer sex) X 2 (patient type) factorial design. As expected from studies of the personality correlates of A-B status, many more B than A interviewers "looked forward" to conducting the interviews. Once in the interview situation, however, A-type interviewers elicited better self-disclosure from schizophrenic patients than did Bs, whereas the latter outperformed As with neurotic patients. The results are discussed in terms of a personological formulation that considers interviewer effectiveness to be a joint function of interviewer personality characteristics and the situational context.The A-B variable emerged from a series of studies conducted by Whitehorn and Betz (1954) in .the early 1950s. In these studies, therapists (arbitrarily labeled A and B) were found to be differentially effective with schizophrenic patients (As more effective than Bs). However, with neurotic patients, Mc-Nair, Callahan, and Lorr (1962) found Bs to be more effective than As. These findings suggested an "interaction hypothesis": As are more effective with schizophrenics than are Bs, whereas .the latter are more effective with neurotics than are As. Subsequent analogue and clinical studies have generally supported the interaction hypothesis (e.g.,

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Section: Intrainterview Measuressupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Intrainterview Measuressupporting

confidence: 86%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A and B undergraduate interviews of schizophrenic and neurotic inpatients: A test of the interaction hypothesis.

Barnes¹,

Berzins²

1978

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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“…An Acceptability for Psychotherapy scale (46 items) measured the extent to which a patient's responses resemble those of male patients judged acceptable for psychotherapy by Lexington clinicians (Monroe & Hill,19S8). High scores on this scale also have predicted self-disclosure among male addicts in experimental interviews (Berzins, Ross, & Cohen, 1970;Berzins, Ross, & Monroe, 1970).…”

Section: Competence Indexesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Subgroups among opiate addicts: A typological investigation.

Berzins¹,

Ross²,

English³

et al. 1974

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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102

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To delineate homogenous subgroups among hospitalized opiate addicts, a multivariate correlational clustering technique was applied to the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory profiles of 1,500 addicts, subdivided into 10 subsamples (5 for each sex) representing four different categories of admission into treatment (civilly committed, volunteers, probationers, prisoners). Within each subsample, two homogeneous and replicable profile types were isolated. Type I (33% of all addicts) showed elevations on Scales 2, 4, and 8, suggesting marked subjective distress, nonconformity, and disturbed thinking. The much smaller Type II (about 7% of addicts) showed a single peak on Scale 4. Sixty percent of addicts thus were unclustered. The two basic types, however, were very effectively discriminated on a variety of other psychometric indexes and were consistent with the two major profile types found among alcoholics in prior research. Recent psychometric characterizations of hospitalized opiate addicts, employing the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), have cast doubt on the relevance of the stereotype of sociopathy (the 4-9 or 9-4 profile) to addicts as a group (Berzins, Ross, & Monroe, 1971). A grand mean MMPI profile with peaks on Scales 4, 2, and 8, obtained in a sample of over 800 male addicts, for example, placed the addicts' nonconformity in the context of acute subjective distress and disturbed thinking. It is important, however, to determine the principal homogeneous subgroups of addicts whose characteristics may or may not be consistent with overall group profiles. The number, size, and nature

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“…Later analogue and therapy studies have generalized the earlier findings and suggested the relative superiority of As with schizoid and extropunitive individuals (Berzins, Ross, & Friedman, 1972;Berzins, Seidman, & Welch, 1970) and of Bs with intropunitive individuals . In studies by Carson, Harden, and Shows (1964) and Berzins, Ross, and Cohen (1970), work further removed from the original outcome studies has focused on the process involved and has demonstrated the greater effectiveness of As in eliciting personal information from distrustful subjects. Although such an ability was cited by Whitehorn and Betz to account for the greater effectiveness of the As with schizophrenics in their study, the later studies suggest wider applications of the A-B distinction beyond the traditional therapy situation to other helping relationships.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%