Relation of stimulus and response amplitude to tracking performance.

Hartman, Bryce O.; Fitts, Paul M.

doi:10.1037/e458692004-001

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Display mode.-The finding that pursuit tracking was better than compensatory tracking supports previous studies in this area (e.g., Hartman & Fitts, 1955). The finding that transfer from compensatory to pursuit tracking was better than transfer from pursuit to compensatory, in terms of overall performance, percentage change in performance, and temporal accuracy provides further support for the relative differences in these two tracking modes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Adams and Creamer (1962), also using this type of design, found that proprioceptive cues served to facilitate the correct anticipation of temporal regularities in stimulus events. Another conclusion from these and related studies has been that these internal sources of information are most important only after extended practice and only for simple and highly repetitive movements (Fleishman & Rich, 1963;Hartman & Fitts, 1955).…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…If performance varies as a function of these manipulations, it is assumed that the performance relied at least in part on proprioceptive cues. Studies using this design showed that proprioceptive cues served as regulatory or feedback mechanisms which helped the operator discriminate correct from incorrect movements in positioning tasks (Bahrick, Bennett, & Fitts, 1955;Weiss, 1954) and tracking tasks (Briggs, Fitts, & Bahrick, 1957;Hartman & Fitts, 1955). Adams and Creamer (1962), also using this type of design, found that proprioceptive cues served to facilitate the correct anticipation of temporal regularities in stimulus events.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relative effects of display mode and input function on tracking performance.

Christ¹,

Newton²

1970

Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Groups of 24 6's each were trained on one of four tracking conditions resulting from the combination of two repeating input functions, step and ramp, and two display modes, pursuit and compensatory. After 4 days of training, tracking conditions were interchanged between subgroups of 5s. Performance during both training and transfer was better for pursuit tracking than for compensatory tracking, and for the ramp function relative to the step function. Most importantly, however, cues derived both from a constant input function and from a constant display mode were shown to be effectively transferred. The results are discussed in terms of the differential roles of visual and proprioceptive cues and in terms of motor control theory.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relative effects of display mode and input function on tracking performance.

Christ¹,

Newton²

1970

Journal of Experimental Psychology

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“…The ability of human operators to track the variations in time of physical stimuli has attracted considerable interest since the early fifties (Adams, 1961; Conklin, 1957; Elkind, 1953; Garvey & Mitnick, 1957; Hartman & Fitts, 1955; Holding, 1959; Licklider, 1960; Mather & Putchat, 1983; McRuer & Krendel, 1959a, 1959b; Noble, Fitts, & Warren, 1955; Notterman & Tufano, 1980; Poulton, 1952a, 1952b, 1957; Stark, 1972). Besides the obvious implications that the study of this skill has for the design of ergonomically efficient control implements (for a review see Poulton, 1974), a general consensus has emerged that important aspects of both the motor control system and the sensori-motor interface can be elucidated by a quantitative analysis of the tracking task.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visuo-manual pursuit tracking of human two-dimensional movements.

Viviani

Campadelli²,

Mounoud³

1987

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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We investigated visuo-manual pursuit tracking in 10 adult subjects. The main features of the experi ments were as follows: (a) The targets to be pursued were planar (two-dimensional) trajectories. (b) Targets were based on actual human hand movements. A set of five different extemporaneous movements (scribbles) were rear-projected on a digitizing table with their original timescale. (c) Targets were presented both as originally recorded (Condition N) and after a numerical manipulation that made the tangential velocity constant throughout the motion (Condition T). After a set of de scriptors of the performance suitable for the two-dimensional case was introduced, individual perfor mances were analyzed to characterize both the features common to all subjects and the idiosyncratic differences. The main results of the study were as follows: (a) Performances are extremely consistent across repetitions. Differences among subjects are mostly confined to the value of the descriptors. (b) The single most characteristic descriptor is the instantaneous delay between target and pursuit. The position error depends jointly on this delay and the instantaneous target velocity. (c) The operat ing strategy is significantly modified in Condition T. (d) A simple formal scheme based on the notion of a delayed velocity feedback accounts quite accurately for the experimental results. This is in contrast with most classical models of pursuit tracking.

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“…A number of previous studies (Battig, Gregg, Nagel, Small, & Brogden, 1954;Battig, Voss, & Brogden, 1955;Craig, 1949;Craik, 1948, Ellson, Harris, & Craig, 1949Ellson & Hill, 1948;Ellson & Wheeler, 1949;Hartman & Fitts, 1955;Searle & Taylor, 1948) have undertaken to relate stimulus amplitude and response amplitude in tracking tasks. In particular, the Battig studies investigated the effect of an increase in frequence of target intermittency on tracking error and found in the later study (Battig, Voss, & Brogden, 1955) a linear relation between this increase and proficiency of tracking.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%