Relation of self-rated measures of physical activity to multiple risk factors of insulin resistance syndrome in young adults

Gustat, Jeanette; Srinivasan, Sathanur R.; Elkasabany, Abdalla; Berenson, Gerald S.

doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(02)00427-4

Cited by 119 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…A higher TV viewing time was also associated with all of the components of the metabolic syndrome, with the exceptions of hypertension and microalbuminuria, while compliance with the recommended public health guidelines for physical activity (≥2.5 h per week) was associated with a reduced prevalence of several components of the metabolic syndrome. The positive association observed between TV viewing and the metabolic syndrome is consistent with that observed in the Bogalusa Heart Study [7] and confirms other reports of an inverse association between physical activity and the risk of the metabolic syndrome [4][5][6]8], and of associations between physical activity and several components of the metabolic syndrome [4,6,[8][9][10]24]. The present findings are also consistent with another population-based cohort study of 612 middle-aged men from Finland [4], which demonstrated that men who reported >3 h of structured or lifestyle physical activity per week were half as likely to develop the metabolic syndrome after 4 years as those who were sedentary (<60 min per week).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The metabolic syndrome provides a unifying aetiological framework for the development of CVD, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance [3]. While epidemiological studies show that physical activity and cardiovascular fitness reduce the risk of many of the features of the metabolic syndrome, in many studies, the lack of standard definitions of the metabolic syndrome and its components has hampered efforts to interpret the relationships with physical activity [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of TV viewing and physical activity with the metabolic syndrome in Australian adults

et al. 2005

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Aims/hypothesis: We analysed a sample of Australian adults to determine the strength of associations of TV viewing and participation in physical activity with the metabolic syndrome. Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included 6,241 adults aged ≥35 years who were free from diagnosed diabetes mellitus and selfreported ischaemic disease and were not taking lipid-lowering or antihypertensive drugs. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the 1999 World Health Organization criteria. Participants self-reported TV viewing time and physical activity time for the previous week. Results: The adjusted odds ratio of having the metabolic syndrome was 2.07 (95% CI 1.49-2.88) in women and 1.48 (95% CI 0.95-2.31) in men who watched TV for >14 h per week compared with those who watched ≤7.0 h per week. Compared with those who were less active (<2.5 h per week), the odds ratio for the metabolic syndrome was 0.72 (95% CI 0.58-0.90) in men and 0.53 (95% CI 0.38-0.74) in women who were active (≥2.5 h per week). Longer TV viewing (>14 h per week) was associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance, obesity and dyslipidaemia in both men and women. A total physical activity time of ≥2.5 h per week was associated with a reduced prevalence of both insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia in both sexes and reduced prevalence of both obesity and hypertension in women. Conclusions/ interpretation: Increased TV viewing time was associated with an increased prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, while physical activity was associated with a reduced prevalence. Population strategies addressing the metabolic syndrome should focus on reducing sedentary behaviours such as TV viewing, as well as increasing physical activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of TV viewing and physical activity with the metabolic syndrome in Australian adults

et al. 2005

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“…While we observed significant dose-response relationships between age-adjusted FPG levels in women, which also approached statistical significance in men, these associations were no longer evident once we adjusted for potential confounders, including waist circumference. This finding is consistent with the observations made among young adults in the Bogalusa Heart Study (23). In contrast, the association we observed between 2-h PG and increasing television viewing time persisted in multivariable analyses in women and, to a lesser extent, in men, suggesting that physiological processes other than the effect of being overweight may be involved.…”

Section: Adjusted Means (95% Ci) For Fasting Plasma Glucose (A) and 2supporting

confidence: 92%

Association of Television Viewing With Fasting and 2-h Postchallenge Plasma Glucose Levels in Adults Without Diagnosed Diabetes

et al. 2007

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OBJECTIVE -We examined the associations of television viewing time with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-h postchallenge plasma glucose (2-h PG) levels in Australian adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-A total of 8,357 adults aged Ͼ35 years who were free from diagnosed diabetes and who attended a population-based cross-sectional study (Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study [AusDiab]) were evaluated. Measures of FPG and 2-h PG were obtained from an oral glucose tolerance test. Self-reported television viewing time (in the previous week) was assessed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-%S) and ␤-cell function (HOMA-%B) were calculated based on fasting glucose and insulin concentrations.RESULTS -After adjustment for confounders and physical activity time, time spent watching television in women was positively associated with 2-h PG, log fasting insulin, and log HOMA-%B and inversely associated with log HOMA-%S (P Ͻ 0.05) but not with FPG. No significant associations were observed with glycemic measures in men. The ␤-coefficients across categories of average hours spent watching television per day (Ͻ1.0, 1.0 -1.9, 2.0 -2.9, 3.0 -3.9, and Ն4.0) for 2-h PG in women were 0 (reference), 0.009, 0.047, 0.473, and 0.501, respectively (P for trend ϭ 0.02).CONCLUSIONS -Our findings highlight the unique deleterious relationship of sedentary behavior (indicated by television viewing time) and glycemic measures independent of physical activity time and adiposity status. These relationships differed according to sex and type of glucose measurement, with the 2-h PG measure being more strongly associated with television viewing. The findings suggest an important role for reducing sedentary behavior in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, especially in women. Diabetes Care 30:516 -522, 2007P hysical inactivity increases the risk of many chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (1). Recently, several studies have shown that sedentary behavior, as distinct from lack of physical activity (2), may be an important contributor to poor health outcomes (3-8). Television viewing time, which is a major leisure-time sedentary behavior in Australia (9), has been linked to obesity and to type 2 diabetes in adults, independent of physical activity levels (7,8). In addition, our previous work has shown independent positive associations between television viewing time and categories of glucose intolerance. However, since fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-h postchallenge plasma glucose (2-h PG) differ from each other in their respective physiological determinants (10) and in the risks that they carry (11), there is a need to investigate the influence of television viewing on plasma glucose across the glucose continuum from normal to diabetes levels. While some cross-sectional studies have found that television viewing time is positively associated with FPG in adults (3,12), no population-based studies have investigated the extent ...

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“…In studies examining children and young adults ages 5 to 24 years, Gustat, Srinivasan, Elkasabany, and Berenson (2002), of the Bogalusa Heart Study, examined the relation of obesity to cardiovascular risk factors. They found a high prevalence of elevated systolic blood pressure, fasting insulin, and LDL-cholesterol, and low HDLcholesterol among the obese children and young adults.…”

Section: Differences In Cardiovascular Risk Factors By Weight Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…African Americans have been reported to have the greater prevalence of insulin resistance, hypertension, diabetes and obesity and these may contribute to vascular disease (Falkner, Hulman, Tannenbaum, & Kushner, 1990). Gustat et al (2002) examined the relation of self-rated measures of physical activity to multiple risk factors of insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) in African American and white young adults aged 20 to 38 years enrolled in the Bogalusa Heart Study. They found an inverse relationship between leisure-time activity and mean number of risk factors whereas a positive relationship was seen with hours of inactivity (p < 0.001).…”

Section: Differences In Cardiovascular Risk Factors By Weight Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Obesity on the Traditional and Emerging Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in African American Women

Henry-Okafor¹

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Relation of self-rated measures of physical activity to multiple risk factors of insulin resistance syndrome in young adults

Cited by 119 publications

References 55 publications

Associations of TV viewing and physical activity with the metabolic syndrome in Australian adults

Associations of TV viewing and physical activity with the metabolic syndrome in Australian adults

Association of Television Viewing With Fasting and 2-h Postchallenge Plasma Glucose Levels in Adults Without Diagnosed Diabetes

Effect of Obesity on the Traditional and Emerging Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in African American Women

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