Relation of Nasal Air Flow to Nasal Cavity Dimensions

Kjærgaard, Thomas; Cvancarova, Milada; Steinsvåg, Sverre K.

doi:10.1001/archoto.2009.50

Cited by 43 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Now, as far as age is concerned, the higher it is, the lower the expected value for the NIPF. This is due to a probable anatomical change to the nasal tip and narrowing of the internal nasal valve, usually seen as age increases 2,6 . Therefore, NIPF is one more tool in our existing arsenal, to aid in the diagnosis as well as to follow up on nasal clinical or surgical treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measures were carried out with the following specifications: 1) Acclimatization -participant seating for 20 NIPF was measured three consecutive times with a 1 minute interval between them 4,6 . The exam technique was based on measuring the participant's nasal inspiratory flow when standing up, with the device coupled to the nose's anterior region through a small mask connected to a plastic cylinder through which the forced inspired air passes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most commonly used objective methods to study nasal airflow are computerized rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry and Nasal Inspiratory Peak Flow (NIPF) 4 . The first assesses the air flow in its entire extension in the nasal cavity, the second measures the cross-sectional areas in predetermined points in the nasal cavity 5 and NIPF, as the very name says, measures the nasal inspiratory peak flow 6 . NIPF is inexpensive, easily applied, fast, portable, simple to measure, does not depend on computers to analyze the data and has good reproducibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Peak nasal inspiratory flow evaluation as an objective method of measuring nasal airflow

Teixeira¹,

Zappelini²,

Alves³

et al. 2011

Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.)

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Acoust ic rhinometry, rhinomanometry and Inspiratory Peak Nasal Flow (IPNF) are used in order to objectively assess nasal patency. These are expensive not very practical tests, except for IPNF, which is a fast, simple and low cost method.Objective: To assess IPNF in healthy individuals complaining of nose obstruction caused by allergic rhinitis.Method: IPNF use in 78 individuals with and without rhinitis symptoms. Study design: Contemporary cross-sectional cohort.Results: IPNF showed significant results for nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, pruritus, sneezes and tearing (p < 0.001). There was no correlation between the presence of nasal septum deviation and IPNF (p = 0.561). We found a positive correlation between IPNF and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for nasal obstruction (p = 0.002). In the multiple linear regression model, there was a statistical significance between the values found in IPNF with allergic rhinitis and age (p = 0.005 and p = 0.023 respectively). Conclusion:IPNF proved to be a reliable method to detect changes in nasal patency, by obstructive causes as well as inflammatory causes, with an acceptable level of statistical significance, simple, easy to handle, inexpensive and reproducible. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;77(4):473-80. BJORL ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Peak nasal inspiratory flow evaluation as an objective method of measuring nasal airflow

Teixeira¹,

Zappelini²,

Alves³

et al. 2011

Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In this technique an acoustic pulse is followed as it traverses each nasal cavity during an inspiratory cycle. 27 Peak nasal inspiratory flow can be measured in human subjects using a peak flow meter with a mask. The following is a summary of pertinent findings that may relate to clinical aspects of HFNCs.…”

Section: Physical and Anatomical Aspects Affecting Oxygen Delivery Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Flow Oxygen Administration by Nasal Cannula for Adult and Perinatal Patients

2012

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The nasal cannula has been a commonly used patient interface to provide supplemental oxygen since its introduction in the 1940s. Traditionally, it has been categorized as a low-flow device and capable of delivering a 0.4 F IO 2 with flows up to 6 L/min to adults with normal minute ventilation. However, there is considerable performance variability among patients and design, which results in an exponential decline in delivered F IO 2 as breathing frequencies increase. The nasal cannula has also been successfully adapted for use in perinatal and pediatric respiratory care; flows are reduced, in the range of 0.25-1 L/min, due to smaller minute volumes. A decade or so ago, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy was introduced, accompanied by heated humidification systems to prevent the associated drying of upper airway mucosa and to increase patient comfort. Therapeutic flows for adults were in the 15-40 L/min range; F IO 2 could be independently adjusted with air/O 2 blending. The HFNC has also found additional clinical application in perinatal care, as delivery systems with flows > 2 L/min could create a distending pressure similar to nasal CPAP. There is a small but growing body of information from clinical trials that supports use of HFNC as an alternative oxygen interface for adults who present with moderate hypoxemia that persists after receiving oxygen by reservoir-bag masks or similar therapy. Clinical observations report greater patient acceptance and comfort versus oxygen masks. HFNC therapy has also been considered valuable in perinatal care in treating the respiratory distress syndrome or supporting patients after extubation similar to nasal CPAP. At present, research-based evidence for the role of HFNC for its perinatal applications remains unclear. This review will identify proposed mechanisms for therapeutic effectiveness, current delivery equipment, guidelines for rational patient application, and direction for further research.

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“…Indeed, there is compelling evidence demonstrating that α AR-agonists enhance both nasal cavity cross-sectional area and nasal airflow, assessed by acoustic rhinometry (AR) [19, 20] and peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), respectively [21]. Interestingly, Kjaergaard et al have recently reported that changes in nasal cavity geometry induced by α AR-agonists directly correlates with increased nasal airflow in a linear fashion [22]. This finding is probably explained by the active action of the alae nasi muscles that help prevent nasal collapse even under conditions of maximal nasal inspiratory flow [23].…”

Section: Alpha-adrenergic (αAr) Agonists and The Regulation Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Rationale for the Use of Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Glucocorticoids in the Therapy of Pediatric Stridor

Niño

Baloğlu

Gutiérrez

et al. 2011

International Journal of Otolaryngology

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Purpose. The most common pharmacological therapies used in the treatment of stridor in children are glucocorticosteroids (GC) and alpha-adrenergic (αAR) agonists. Despite the long-standing reported efficacy of these medications, there is a paucity of data relating to their actual mechanisms of action in the upper airway. Summary. There is compelling scientific evidence supporting the use of αAR-agonists and GCs in pediatric stridor. αAR signaling and GCs regulate the vasomotor tone in the upper airway mucosa. The latter translates into better airflow dynamics, as delineated by human and nonhuman upper airway physiological models. In turn, clinical trials have demonstrated that GCs and the nonselective αAR agonist, epinephrine, improve respiratory distress scores and reduce the need for further medical care in children with stridor. Future research is needed to investigate the role of selective αAR agonists and the potential synergism of GCs and αAR-signaling in the treatment of upper airway obstruction and stridor.

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Relation of Nasal Air Flow to Nasal Cavity Dimensions

Abstract: Our study indicates statistically significant associations between nasal cavity dimensions and PNIF. The most important structural determinant for PNIF is the minimal cross-sectional area of the nasal cavity.

Cited by 43 publications

References 17 publications

Peak nasal inspiratory flow evaluation as an objective method of measuring nasal airflow

Peak nasal inspiratory flow evaluation as an objective method of measuring nasal airflow

High-Flow Oxygen Administration by Nasal Cannula for Adult and Perinatal Patients

Scientific Rationale for the Use of Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists and Glucocorticoids in the Therapy of Pediatric Stridor

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