Relation of Mosquito Density to Bird:Mammal Feeding Ratios of Culex tarsalis in Stable Traps

Rl, Nelson; Ch, Tempelis; Wc, Reeves; Mm, Milby

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1976.25.644

Cited by 43 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Several studies have measured hourly mosquito abundances (Curtis 1953, Haddow and Ssenkubuge 1965, Happold 1965, Haufe 1952, Nasci and Edman 1981, Service 1971, Trueman and Mclver 1986, and others have quantified in situ avian host seeking behavior of mosquitoes using caged birds (Blackmore and Dow 1958, Dow et al 1957, Edman et al 1972, Hodgson et al 2001, Nelson et al 1976). However, none of these studies measured the biting rate of mosquitoes on birds under natural conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquito Landing Rates on Nesting American Robins (Turdus migratorius)

Griffing

Kilpatrick²,

Clark³

et al. 2007

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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We measured mosquito landing rates on adult and nestling American robins at nests with infrared cameras in Washington, D.C., and Maryland, United States. Mosquitoes landed on nesting robins almost exclusively between dusk and dawn. The mean number of mosquito landings per night was higher for adults (123.3 ± SE 32.8) than nestlings (37.26 ± 14.8). The fraction of mosquitoes landing at a nest on nestlings increased with decreases in adult brooding. Oral swabs from nestlings at these and 13 other robin, Gray catbird, and house finch nests were negative for West Nile virus (WNV). These results show that landing rates were higher on adults and that parental brooding reduces the landing rates of mosquitoes on nestlings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquito Landing Rates on Nesting American Robins (Turdus migratorius)

Griffing

Kilpatrick²,

Clark³

et al. 2007

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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“…For example, when various hosts were restrained or unrestrained in cages, Culex nigripalpus Theobald mosquitoes tended to feed on restrained animals regardless of host size or species (Edman et al 1974). Likewise, a shift in mosquito host preference from WNV-infected avian reservoirs to mammals (Kilpatrick et al 2001) has been attributed to increased host intolerance as mosquito populations increased (Reeves 1971, Tempelis et al 1975, Nelson et al 1976 and chicks grew stronger and more agile (Blackmore andDow 1972, Edman 1972). In contrast to these bird-mosquito interactions, dairy cattle in an openÞeld environment in southern California became ha- bituated to increasing levels of stable ßy attacks (Mullens et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Reproductive Potential of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) Fed Cattle, Chicken, or Horse Blood

Friesen¹,

Johnson²

2012

J Med Entomol

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Reproductive potential was assessed for stable fly cohorts fed cattle, chicken, or horse blood. Flies provided chicken blood oviposited 20% more eggs per day than did those fed cattle or horse blood. However, flies provided cattle or horse blood were fecund 50% longer. When both egg viability and number of eggs produced were considered, lifetime reproductive potential was almost twice as high for flies fed cattle or chicken blood than for flies fed horse blood. Maternal investment, which took egg production and volume into account, was higher in cohorts fed cattle blood (70 mm3) when compared with the other treatments (chicken = 54 mm3, horse = 55 mm3). This is the first report of stable flies producing viable eggs after feeding on bird blood. Results from this study in addition to field observations indicate that stable fly interactions with birds may be limited to relatively low risk scenarios.

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“…Such a decline might be expected if C. tarsalis exhibits a density-dependent switch away from hosts that are abundant. Because mosquitoes interfere with each otherÕs feeding attempts and elicit greater behavioral defense responses from vertebrate hosts (Reeves 1971, Edman et al 1972, Nelson et al 1976), they often show negatively density-dependent feeding success. Consequently, we might expect mosquitoes at large swallow colonies to switch to other hosts if available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquito Abundance is Correlated with Cliff Swallow (<I>Petrochelidon pyrrhonota</I>) Colony Size

Brown

Sethi

2002

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We measured the abundance of mosquitoes [primarily Aedes vexans (Meigen) and Culex tarsalis Coquillett] at cliff swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota Vieillot) colonies of different sizes in southwestern Nebraska in 1999. Using CO2 traps placed inside and outside of colonies, we found that total mosquito abundance increased significantly with the number of active cliff swallow nests at a colony site. We found no effect of date or weather conditions on the number of mosquitoes caught it the different sites. By classifying the landscape from aerial photographs within a 2-km-diameter circle centered on each colony site, we found no significant relationships between habitat type near a colony site and cliff swallow colony size or mosquito abundance. Proximity to livestock could not account for our results. Culex tarsalis was proportionately more likely to be caught inside a colony than at traps 30 in away, but the proportion of C. tarsalis inside a colony did not vary with colony size. Our results cannot be explained by date- or weather-related sampling artifacts or by differences in habitat between sites. Most likely, mosquitoes, especially A. vexans, are attracted to the vicinity of large cliff swallow colonies.

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Relation of Mosquito Density to Bird:Mammal Feeding Ratios of Culex tarsalis in Stable Traps

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Mosquito Landing Rates on Nesting American Robins (Turdus migratorius)

Mosquito Landing Rates on Nesting American Robins (Turdus migratorius)

Reproductive Potential of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) Fed Cattle, Chicken, or Horse Blood

Mosquito Abundance is Correlated with Cliff Swallow (<I>Petrochelidon pyrrhonota</I>) Colony Size

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