Relation of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness to Cardiovascular Events in Black Americans (From the Jackson Heart Study)

Villines, Todd C.; Hsu, Lucy L.; Blackshear, Chad; Nelson, Cheryl; Griswold, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.07.046

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 20 publications

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“…Carotid intima-media thickening (CIMT) is generally regarded as a subclinical marker of carotid atherosclerosis 1 and an important risk predictor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) noninvasively. 2 In China, the incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke developed from atherosclerosis is increasing, 3 with approximately 30% of first acute cardiovascular events without any clinical symptoms are fatal. 4 Therefore, it is necessary to identify risk factors for atherosclerosis to prevent CVDs and stroke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio cholesterol ratio and thickened carotid intima-media thickness: A case–control study

et al. 2021

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Background It is indicated that Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C ratio) has greater predictive value for thickened carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) comparing with classic lipid parameters. However, there have been few reports about their association in general Chinese population. Method We included a total of 1220 CIMT participants and 2440 matched controls, who had ultrasonography of carotid artery during 2009 and 2016. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for thickened CIMT risk associated with LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. Result In the univariate logistic regression model, there was significant association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and thickened CIMT (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.60–2.36; ptrend < 0.05). After adjusting for potential covariates, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio remained significantly associated with thickened CIMT (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.41–2.34, ptrend < 0.001; ≥3.05 v.s. <3.05, OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.37–2.02). In subgroup analyses, the association between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and thickened CIMT remained significant in the subgroups stratified by sex, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), hypertension, and fatty liver disease but only remained significant in the subgroups of ≥45 years (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.46–2.76; Ptrend <0.05), BMI ≥24 (kg/m2) (OR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.63-3.03; Ptrend < 0.05) and BMI ≥25 (kg/m2) (OR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.76–3.54; Ptrend < 0.05), dyslipidemia (OR = 3.28, 95% CI: 1.83–5,85; Ptrend < 0.001), and without periodontitis (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.54–2.81 ; Ptrend < 0.05) comparing Q4 to Q1. Similar results were observed in the subgroup analyses for LDL-C/HDL-C ratio ≥3.05 v.s. <3.05 except for the age stratification. Conclusion High LDL-C/HDL-C ratio could significantly increase the risk of thickened CIMT independent of gender, IFG, hypertension, and fatty liver disease in general Chinese population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio cholesterol ratio and thickened carotid intima-media thickness: A case–control study

et al. 2021

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Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors and HIV are Associated With Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Adults From Sub‐Saharan Africa: Findings From H3Africa AWI‐Gen Study

Nonterah

Boua

Klipstein‐Grobusch

et al. 2019

JAHA

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Background Studies on the determinants of carotid intima‐media thickness ( CIMT ), a marker of sub‐clinical atherosclerosis, mostly come from white, Asian, and diasporan black populations. We present CIMT data from sub‐Saharan Africa, which is experiencing a rising burden of cardiovascular diseases and infectious diseases. Methods and Results The H3 (Human Hereditary and Health) in Africa’s AWI‐Gen (African‐Wits‐INDEPTH partnership for Genomic) study is a cross‐sectional study conducted in adults aged 40 to 60 years from Burkina Faso, Kenya, Ghana, and South Africa. Cardiovascular disease risk and ultrasonography of the CIMT of right and left common carotids were measured. Multivariable linear and mixed‐effect multilevel regression modeling was applied to determine factors related to CIMT. Data included 8872 adults (50.8% men), mean age of 50±6 years with age‐ and sex‐adjusted mean (±SE) CIMT of 640±123μm. Participants from Ghana and Burkina Faso had higher CIMT compared with other sites. Age (β = 6.77, 95%CI [6.34–7.19]), body mass index (17.6[12.5–22.8]), systolic blood pressure (7.52[6.21–8.83]), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (5.08[2.10–8.06]) and men (10.3[4.75– 15.9]) were associated with higher CIMT. Smoking was associated with higher CIMT in men. High‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (−12.2 [−17.9– −6.41]), alcohol consumption (–13.5 [−19.1–−7.91]) and HIV (−8.86 [−15.7–−2.03]) were inversely associated with CIMT. Conclusions Given the rising prevalence of cardiovascular diseases risk factors in sub‐Saharan Africa, atherosclerotic diseases may become a major pan‐African epidemic unless preventive measures are taken particularly for prevention of hypertension, obesity, and smoking. HIV ‐specific studies are needed to fully understand the association between HIV and CIMT in sub‐Saharan Africa.

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Cigarette Smoking and Incident Stroke in Blacks of the Jackson Heart Study

Oshunbade

Yimer

Valle

et al. 2020

JAHA

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Background Blacks are disproportionately affected by stroke compared with whites; however, less is known about the relationship between stroke and cigarette smoking in blacks. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between cigarette smoking and all incident stroke in the JHS (Jackson Heart Study). Methods and Results JHS participants without a history of stroke (n=4410) were classified by self‐reported baseline smoking status into current, past (smoked at least 400 cigarettes/life), or never smokers at baseline (2000–2004). Current smokers were further classified by smoking intensity (number of cigarettes smoked per day [1–19 and ≥20]) and followed up for incident stroke (through 2015). Hazard ratios (HRs) for incident stroke for current and past smoking compared with never smoking were estimated with adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models. After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, the risk for stroke in current smokers was significantly higher compared with never smokers (HR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.60–3.83) but there was no significant difference between past smokers and never smokers (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.74–1.64). There was a dose‐dependent increased risk of stroke with smoking intensity (HR, 2.28 [95% CI, 1.38–3.86] and HR, 2.78 [95% CI, 1.47–5.28] for current smokers smoking 1–19 and ≥20 cigarettes/day, respectively). Conclusions In a large cohort of blacks, current cigarette smoking was associated with a dose‐dependent higher risk of all stroke. In addition, past smokers did not have a significantly increased risk of all stroke compared with never smokers, which suggests that smoking cessation may have potential benefits in reducing the incidence of stroke in blacks.

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Relation of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness to Cardiovascular Events in Black Americans (From the Jackson Heart Study)

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

The association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio cholesterol ratio and thickened carotid intima-media thickness: A case–control study

The association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio cholesterol ratio and thickened carotid intima-media thickness: A case–control study

Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors and HIV are Associated With Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness in Adults From Sub‐Saharan Africa: Findings From H3Africa AWI‐Gen Study

Cigarette Smoking and Incident Stroke in Blacks of the Jackson Heart Study

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