Relation between tipburn appearance of Chinese cabbage and calcium content and location

Abstract

In 2000-2001 investigations were carried out on the dependence between the tipburn appearance on Chinese cabbage and the content of calcium and its distribution in leaves. It was found that the highest concentration of calcium (to 4,4%) occurred in outside leaves and the lowest was found in leaves inside the head (to 1,0 %). The marginal part in every outside leaf contained more calcium than midrib of leaf. This dependence weakly appeared in leaves wrapping the head and was absent inside the head, where often the calcium concentration was higher in the midrib part of leaf than in the margin part. Distinct differences in the calcium content in leaves of four culti vars of F<sub>1</sub>, Chinese cabbage: ´Bilko', ´Parkin', 'Kasumi' and 'Yamiko' were not found. These cultivars differed clearly in the susceptibility to the tipburn incidence which appearance depended also on the temperature stress.

The Prevention of Tipburn on Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa L. var. pekinensis (Lour.) Olson) with Foliar Fertilizers and Biostimulators

“…A tipburn injury appears on young leaves that contain lower level of calcium than the oldest leaves. This fact was demonstrated by Barta and Tibbitts (2003) with lettuce and Chinese cabbage (Borkowski & Kowalczyk 2003;Hernandez et al 2004). Borkowski and Kowalczyk (2003) have found that the youngest leaves inside the head contain 7.1-10.9 g Ca•kg -1 of dry matter and the old leaves 29.9-44.7 g Ca•kg -1 of dry matter.…”

“…This fact was demonstrated by Barta and Tibbitts (2003) with lettuce and Chinese cabbage (Borkowski & Kowalczyk 2003;Hernandez et al 2004). Borkowski and Kowalczyk (2003) have found that the youngest leaves inside the head contain 7.1-10.9 g Ca•kg -1 of dry matter and the old leaves 29.9-44.7 g Ca•kg -1 of dry matter. These authors demonstrated that cultivars sensitive and cultivars tolerant to tipburn contained similar calcium content in leaves.…”

“…This disorder also affects other leafy vegetables (Saure 1998). Cultivars of Chinese cabbage differ significantly in susceptibility to tipburn (Larsen 1988;Borkowski ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2000;Borkowski & Kowalczyk 2003). Besides agrotechnical treatments and adequate calcium fertilization, some other measures were undertaken to prevent tipburn.…”

“…Besides agrotechnical treatments and adequate calcium fertilization, some other measures were undertaken to prevent tipburn. Borkowski and Kowalczyk (2003) and Borkowski et al (2006) found that Biochikol 020 PC, a preparation containing chitosan, decreases tipburn injuries, in spite of the fact that it does not contain calcium. Chitosan can act as an elicitor, which can increase resistance of plants to various diseases (Wojdyła 2001;Orlikowski & Skrzypczak 2003;Pięta et al 2003;Borkowski et al 2004).…”

“…According to some reports, chitosan also increased plant growth , retarded growth of mycelium of some genera of pathogenic fungi (Borkowski et al 2004;Saniewska 2001) and inhibited cucumber infection with Botrytis cinerea when was applied 1 day before inoculation (Ben-Shalom et al 2003). Susceptibility of cultivars to tipburn is not tightly connected with calcium content in leaves (Borkowski & Kowalczyk 2003). Probably different cultivars susceptibility is the result of different reaction to abiotic stress (Saure 1998).…”