Relation between resting amygdalar activity and cardiovascular events: a longitudinal and cohort study

Tawakol, Ahmed; Ishai, Amorina; Takx, Richard A.P.; Figueroa, Amparo L.; Ali, Abdelrahman; Kaiser, Yannick; Truong, Quynh A.; Solomon, Chloe Je; Calcagno, Claudia; Mani, Venkatesh; Tang, Cheuk Y.; Mulder, Willem J. M.; Murrough, James W.; Hoffmann, Udo; Nahrendorf, Matthias; Shin, Lisa M.; Fayad, Zahi A.; Pitman, Roger K.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31714-7

Cited by 479 publications

(445 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This suggests the possibility of an identifiable brain phenotype or brain biomarker that reflects stress‐related CVD risk. This possibility agrees with recent findings demonstrating that brain activity linked to psychological stress forecasts clinical CVD events 59. Accordingly, the present findings are relevant not only for furthering the understanding the neural bases of individual differences in cardiovascular stress physiology, but also for understanding the neural pathways that mechanistically link stressful experiences and CVD in at risk and clinical populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Hence, future studies may be able to identify individuals who more strongly exhibit a multivariate brain pattern that predicts clinically meaningful outcomes (eg, disease progression, new events, etc) 52. In a recent and foundational illustration of the plausibility of such a brain‐based approach to predict CVD risk, Tawakol et al59 demonstrated that elevated levels of basal metabolic activity within the amygdala predicted future CVD events above and beyond conventional CVD risk factors. An open question is whether multivariate and network‐based approaches used in the present study would add to the predictive value of such single‐region–based approaches and complement conventional CVD risk‐prediction approaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Brain Phenotype for Stressor‐Evoked Blood Pressure Reactivity

Gianaros

Sheu

Uyar

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundIndividuals who exhibit large‐magnitude blood pressure (BP) reactions to acute psychological stressors are at risk for hypertension and premature death by cardiovascular disease. This study tested whether a multivariate pattern of stressor‐evoked brain activity could reliably predict individual differences in BP reactivity, providing novel evidence for a candidate neurophysiological source of stress‐related cardiovascular risk.Methods and ResultsCommunity‐dwelling adults (N=310; 30–51 years; 153 women) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging with concurrent BP monitoring while completing a standardized battery of stressor tasks. Across individuals, the battery evoked an increase systolic and diastolic BP relative to a nonstressor baseline period (M ∆systolic BP/∆diastolic BP=4.3/1.9 mm Hg [95% confidence interval=3.7–5.0/1.4–2.3 mm Hg]). Using cross‐validation and machine learning approaches, including dimensionality reduction and linear shrinkage models, a multivariate pattern of stressor‐evoked functional magnetic resonance imaging activity was identified in a training subsample (N=206). This multivariate pattern reliably predicted both systolic BP (r=0.32; P<0.005) and diastolic BP (r=0.25; P<0.01) reactivity in an independent subsample used for testing and replication (N=104). Brain areas encompassed by the pattern that were strongly predictive included those implicated in psychological stressor processing and cardiovascular responding through autonomic pathways, including the medial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and insula.ConclusionsA novel multivariate pattern of stressor‐evoked brain activity may comprise a phenotype that partly accounts for individual differences in BP reactivity, a stress‐related cardiovascular risk factor.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brain Phenotype for Stressor‐Evoked Blood Pressure Reactivity

Gianaros

Sheu

Uyar

et al. 2017

JAHA

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“…This first study to link regional brain activity to subsequent cardiovascular disease illustrated findings providing novel insights into the mechanism that how emotional stressors lead to cardiovascular disease in human beings [41]. These procedures may perform as a novel tool for evidence-based medicine to evaluation the whole body effectiveness of the programs (in CAM) mentioned above.…”

Section: Relaxation Responsementioning

confidence: 95%

From Relaxation Response, Building Power for Health to an Advanced Self-Cultivation Practice: Genuine Well-Being

Wu¹,

Jiang²,

Wang³

2017

Well-Being and Quality of Life - Medical Perspective

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Recently, much more mind-body/mindfulness interventions have been used in different people including frail elders, patients with major depressive order, pain suffering, chronic fatigue, infection, and patients in intensive care unit, etc. In the field of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, many Chinese mind-body exercises are under very active investigation for evidence-based decision making. At the same time, there is a fact that Yoga and Health Qigong/Tai Chi, especially meditative practice based on ancient oriental civilizations, have been practiced for thousands of years and are getting more attention. The use of Traditional Chinese music as therapy was documented around 94 BC and that was foundational to traditional Chinese medicine, building power for health as well. Meditation, as a mind-body practice, originally introduced by cultivators in ancient Eastern religious and/or spiritual traditions has raised increasing awareness recently in the Western world. Medical research results suggest that the benefits of Eastern meditative practices not only include the promotion of emotional and mental health, resilience, stress and anxiety reductions, but also cure other health-related conditions. It was suggested that improvement of moral level would be of the same importance with those achieving mind-body health. Through experiential learning, and what delivering big sample size survey results and numerous case reports, the authors are illustrating the mindful practice of Falun Gong (also called "Falun Dafa") and have real health-wellness effects to practitioners.

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“…The prevalence of these factors is higher in women during their lifetime with a different impact on IHD than in men. Emotional activity has recently been shown to activate arterial inflammation, which is importantly involved in functional IHD [10]. Chronic psychological stress inhibits many functions of the immune system, which may enhance a higher susceptibility to endothelial dysfunction and vasospasm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%