Relation between residential density and walking time among urban adults in Nanjing, China

Qin, Zhenzhen; Wang, Z.; Ye, Q.; Jia, Peng; Xiong, Yaqing; Xu, Fei

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.12.002

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…40,52 Although the findings suggest that many of the cities studied had densities below the optimal range for walking and would benefit from densification, there seem to be upper thresholds of densities beyond which gains in walking are no longer observed. Of note, evidence from ultra-dense cities in Asia, in particular China, where 27 000 people per km² is considered low density, reveals negative relationships between population density and walking by adults, 53,54 with similar findings observed in Mexico. 55 The maximum value of population density in our study was 22 950 people per km², because ultra-dense cities were not included.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Determining thresholds for spatial urban design and transport features that support walking to create healthy and sustainable cities: findings from the IPEN Adult study

Cerin

Sallis

Salvo

et al. 2022

The Lancet Global Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Determining thresholds for spatial urban design and transport features that support walking to create healthy and sustainable cities: findings from the IPEN Adult study

Cerin

Sallis

Salvo

et al. 2022

The Lancet Global Health

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“…The impact of local accessibility was not as strong as the local hub. High-density residential density negatively affected peoples' walking time [49], but in Kumamoto City, most of the buildings are two-story residential buildings. Therefore, density positively affected pedestrian volume.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Factors of Pedestrian Volume in Different Functional Areas of Kumamoto City

et al. 2022

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Improving urban walkability is critical to the long-term development of cities. Although previous studies have demonstrated a relationship between the built environment and walking, an approach that can control the exploration of different functional areas has not yet been discussed. In this study, built environment features include density, design, diversity, destination accessibility, and distance to transit. Geodetector and regression methods were used to investigate the impact of the built environmental features on pedestrian volume in different functional areas of Kumamoto City. It was found there were various dominant features for the different functional areas in the city, including the city center (diversity, design, and density), local hubs (destination accessibility, density, and distance to transit), living hubs (density, design, and distance to transit), UPA (diversity, design, and distance to transit), UCA (density, density, and design), and NPA (density). Additionally, population density and land use diversity in the overly dense population area were negatively related to pedestrian volume. This study complements research on pedestrians and the built environment in different functional areas, and provides advice for the urban planners and government of Kumamoto City.

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“…Chinese cities also have less automobile ownership/per capita than Western cities, thus driving-related health risks are not the main driver for health challenges, as overcrowding and lack of green spaces may plague the population more. Qin et al (2020), for example, found that higher residential density was associated with less walking among urban adults in Nanjing. Xu et al (2010) found higher density is linked with a higher portion of overweight adolescents.…”

Section: Compact Cities and Health: The West And Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Health benefits of compact cities for Chinese older adults: Nation-level study of Chinese cities

Sun¹,

Zhou

2022

Transactions in Planning and Urban Research

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Studies in North American and European cities since the 2000s have found that living in compact cities led to health gains for urban residents, although the benefits can be small and nuanced. Studies in China have shown mixed results, and higher urban density can be associated with adverse health outcomes due to heavier air pollution and overcrowding in Chinese cities. This paper examines the relationship between urban compactness and the self-rated health of older adults in 278 Chinese prefectural and up-level cities based on China’s 2010 census. We use a composite urban compact index incorporating population density, land use, and transportation patterns—salient characteristics according to the compact city and health literature. Our results show that living in compact cities in China is associated with significant statistical gain in self-evaluations of health for older adults, controlling for demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental variables, but the extents of the benefit vary among cities in Eastern, Central, and Western Regions of China, confirming the nonlinear relationship suggested by other studies on individual Chinese cities. The research calls for greater attention to the role of compact cities in supporting the healthy aging processes for older adults in urban China and the potential damage to their physical and mental well-being due to rapidly declining urban compactness in recent decades. The model also identifies other distinctive contributing factors for the self-rated health of older adults in three geographical zones and policy implications.

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Relation between residential density and walking time among urban adults in Nanjing, China

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Determining thresholds for spatial urban design and transport features that support walking to create healthy and sustainable cities: findings from the IPEN Adult study

Determining thresholds for spatial urban design and transport features that support walking to create healthy and sustainable cities: findings from the IPEN Adult study

Research on the Factors of Pedestrian Volume in Different Functional Areas of Kumamoto City

Health benefits of compact cities for Chinese older adults: Nation-level study of Chinese cities

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