Relation between mechanical behavior and microstructure of a sintered material for braking application

Mann, Ruddy; Magnier, Vincent; Brunel, Jean-François; Brunel, Florent; Dufrénoy, Philippe; Henrion, Michele

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2017.05.013

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The pin wear was measured by checking its weight before and after each test, using an analytical balance with a precision of 10 -4 g. Wear volumes losses, V, were evaluated using a density of the copper-based material of 4.2 g/cm 3 . From V and considering the sliding distance, d, and the applied load, F, the specific wear coefficient, Ka, was determined using the following equation:…”

Section: Pin-on-disc Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these aspects are regarded as very attractive tribological properties. An important example of these materials is constituted by Cu-based composites produced by powder metallurgy (PM), and used in brake pads for train or aircraft applications [3][4][5][6]. In addition to a pure Cu or a Cu alloy matrix, these materials typically contain: graphite, that is a solid lubricant and thus induces a decrease in the friction coefficient [7]; different abrasive particles, such as Al2O3, SiO2, ZrO2 that raise the friction coefficient [8]; Fe powder, to tune mechanical and tribological properties [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Steel Counterface on the Dry Sliding Behaviour of a Cu-Based Metal Matrix Composite

et al. 2018

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Pin-on-disc testing was used to investigate the friction and wear behaviour of a Cu-based metal matrix composite dry sliding against three different martensitic steels. The tests were carried out at two contact pressures (0.5 and 1 MPa) and two sliding velocities (1.57 and 7 m/s), and the results were explained by considering the characteristics of the friction layers formed on the pin and disc surfaces during sliding. At 7 m/s, pin and disc wear was very mild in every condition, because the high flash temperatures achieved during sliding induced intense oxidation of the disc asperities, irrespective of the steel disc compositions. At 1.57 m/s, the steel composition played an important role. When using a heat-treated steel and a conventional martensitic stainless steel, pin and disc wear was by 'low-sliding speed tribo-oxidation', regarded as mild wear. However, when using a martensitic stainless steel with a very high Cr-content and a very low C-content, i.e., by a very high oxidation resistance, pin and disc wear was by adhesion/delamination at 0.5 MPa, and thus severe in nature. The results presented herewith clearly suggest the importance of selecting suitable steel counterfaces in the optimization of the tribological systems tribological involving Cu-based metal matrix composites as a mating material.

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Section: Pin-on-disc Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Steel Counterface on the Dry Sliding Behaviour of a Cu-Based Metal Matrix Composite

et al. 2018

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“…A higher MCMB content also leads to the formation of a more uniform and compact tribofilm, weakening the adhesive wear rate of the composites. At present, GrF-metal matrix friction materials have been widely used in train brake equipment in place of early metal friction materials [29,30]. Their certain self-lubricity addresses the blocking problem that occurs during the braking process using metal friction materials.…”

Section: Wear Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This also implies that MCMB is a promising solid lubricant for use in metal-based friction materials in comparison with GrF. Furthermore, MCMB-Cu composites have higher hardness values than GrF-Cu composites under the same MCMB and GrF At present, GrF-metal matrix friction materials have been widely used in train brake equipment in place of early metal friction materials [29,30]. Their certain self-lubricity addresses the blocking problem that occurs during the braking process using metal friction materials.…”

Section: Wear Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Tribological Properties of Mesocarbon Microbead–Cu Friction Composites

Guo

Yang

2020

Materials

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Graphite–metal composites have been used as friction materials owing to their self-lubricity, which is ascribed to the weak interlayer bonding of graphite. To overcome the shortage of graphite flake (GrF)-filled composites of having low tribological properties, graphite-Cu composites with mesocarbon microbead (MCMB) as the solid lubricant are developed in this paper. The MCMB–Cu composites have a lower friction coefficient and wear rate than do the GrF–Cu composites taken as reference materials, exhibiting a better self-lubricating performance. Microstructural analysis indicates that the relatively weaker interlayer bonding of the MCMB, smooth interface between the MCMB and matrix, and more cementite formation thorough reaction of MCMB and iron are the key factors behind the enhanced tribological properties. In addition, both the friction coefficients and wear rates of the two groups of composites gradually decrease with the graphite content. This work opens an avenue for designing desirable graphite-based metal friction materials.

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“…In turn, the development of an optimal surface contact requires the use of materials with reduced stiffness to avoid localisation of the wear, promoting a global wear. Nevertheless, the compressive behaviour is rarely investigated in comparison to wear performances (see references [13,14], as one of the few examples of investigation of the compressive behaviour of brake pads).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Composition on the Compressive Behaviour of a Semi-Metallic Brake-Pad Material

et al. 2022

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The contact interface between the rotation and static part of a friction brake is central to the optimal functioning of the brake system due to the occurrence of heat dissipation, mechanical interaction and thermal exchanges. Generally, braking performances are evaluated by the energetic efficiency and wear rates of the contact surface. However, the compressive behaviour of the contact materials has also a significant contribution to the overall performances. In this work, the meso- and microscopic compressive behaviour of a sintered semi-metallic brake-pad material is investigated mainly via compression testing coupled with Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique, as well as optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The composition of a reference material (RM) is simplified to a selection of nine components, as opposed to up to thirty components typically used in commercial brake-pad materials. The retained components are considered as the most crucial for safe-operating performances. At the studied stress levels, the RM material is flexible (E = 5330 MPa), deformable (Ezz-plastic = −0.21%), and exhibits hysteresis loops. Subsequently, the contribution to the mechanical response of each individual component is investigated by producing the so-called dissociated materials, where the number of components is, at a time, further reduced. It is observed that the macroscopic behaviour is mainly controlled by the content (i.e., size distribution, shape and nature) of graphite particles, and that the hysteresis is only related to one of the two types of graphite used (G2 particles). Moreover, RM containing 13 wt% of G2 particles embedded in a relatively soft matrix (10.86 GPa) is able to increase the hysteresis (by 35%) when compared to the dissociated material containing 20 wt% of G2 particles which is embedded in a stiffer matrix (E = 106 GPa).

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Relation between mechanical behavior and microstructure of a sintered material for braking application

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of Steel Counterface on the Dry Sliding Behaviour of a Cu-Based Metal Matrix Composite

Effect of Steel Counterface on the Dry Sliding Behaviour of a Cu-Based Metal Matrix Composite

Fabrication and Tribological Properties of Mesocarbon Microbead–Cu Friction Composites

Influence of the Composition on the Compressive Behaviour of a Semi-Metallic Brake-Pad Material

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