Relation between mealtime distribution of protein intake and lean mass loss in free-living older adults of the NuAge study

Farsijani, Samaneh; Morais, José A.; Payette, Hélène; Gaudreau, Pierrette; Shatenstein, Bryna; Gray‐Donald, Katherine; Chevalier, Stéphanie

doi:10.3945/ajcn.116.130716

Cited by 118 publications

(125 citation statements)

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“…We recently showed that an even distribution of protein intake, independent of its quantity, was associated with a higher muscle mass in NuAge study participants (11). This result led us to hypothesize that the mealtime distribution of protein intake may also be important in preserving muscle strength and mobility in TABLE 5 Repeated multivariate analysis of changes in mobility score and protein distribution older adults who are at the greatest risk of functional decline (45,46).…”

Section: Protein-intake Distribution and Physical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In brief, the protein CV for each subject was calculated as the SD divided by the mean where the SD was the SD of grams of protein per meal (excluding snacks), the mean was the mean grams of protein per day. Lower protein CV values reflected the evenness of protein intake across breakfast, lunch, and dinner (11,43).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The daily mealtime distribution of protein intake was determined with the use of the CV of protein intake (protein CV), as previously described (11). In brief, the protein CV for each subject was calculated as the SD divided by the mean where the SD was the SD of grams of protein per meal (excluding snacks), the mean was the mean grams of protein per day.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary intake data were analyzed at T0 and T2. Because of the absence of changes in energy and protein intakes as well as of the protein distribution from T0 to T2 (11), nutrient intake at T1 was calculated as mean intakes of T0 and T2, and the nutrient intake at T3 was carried forward from T2 according to the last-observationcarried-forward method (44). A mixed-model analysis that was performed one time with the use of the 4 time points and one time when restricted to only T0 and T2 with measured 24-h recalls were shown to be similar.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently showed a positive association between an even mealtime protein-intake distribution, independent of its quantity, and muscle mass in free-living older adults (11). Muscle strength decline is known to be related to muscle mass loss in older adults (12,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Even mealtime distribution of protein intake is associated with greater muscle strength, but not with 3-y physical function decline, in free-living older adults: the Quebec longitudinal study on Nutrition as a Determinant of Successful Aging (NuAge study)

Farsijani¹,

Payette²,

Morais

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Functional status declines with aging, thus impeding autonomy. Recently, a more even mealtime distribution of dietary protein was positively associated with muscle mass, but the relation of this distribution to physical performance remains unknown. Objective: We examined the relation between mealtime proteinintake distribution and physical performance and its 3-y decline in community-dwelling older adults. Design: Three-year follow-up data from 827 men and 914 women (67-84 y) in the longitudinal study on nutrition and aging [Quebec longitudinal study on Nutrition as a Determinant of Successful Aging (NuAge study); Quebec, Canada] were analyzed. Physical performance, which was measured yearly, was grouped into the following 2 functional composite scores: muscle strength (handgrip, arm, and leg) and mobility (timed-up-and-go, chair stand, and walking speed). Dietary data were collected in 2 sets of three 24-h food recalls at baseline and year 2. The individual mealtime protein distribution was calculated as the CV (i.e., SD divided by the mean) of grams of protein per meal. A mixed model analysis was used to examine trajectories of muscle strength and mobility across time by sex as conditioned by the protein distribution and adjusted for potential covariates. Results: Physical performance deteriorated over 3 y with muscle strength declining more than the mobility score in men (21.51 6 1.68 compared with 20.66 6 2.81) and women (21.35 6 1.77 compared with 20.78 6 2.63) (means 6 SD, P , 0.001). More-evenly distributed protein intake, independent of the total quantity, was associated with a higher muscle-strength score in both sexes throughout followup. It was also associated with a greater mobility score, but only in men and only before adjustment for covariates. Strength and mobility rates of decline were not affected by protein-intake distribution in either sex. Conclusions: In addition to the previously observed association with lean mass, an even distribution of daily protein intake across meals is independently associated with greater muscle strength, but not with the mobility score, in older adults. A longer-term investigation of the role of protein intake and its distribution on physical performance is warranted, as are intervention studies, to support future recommendations.Am J Clin Nutr 2017;106:113-24.

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Section: Protein-intake Distribution and Physical Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Even mealtime distribution of protein intake is associated with greater muscle strength, but not with 3-y physical function decline, in free-living older adults: the Quebec longitudinal study on Nutrition as a Determinant of Successful Aging (NuAge study)

Farsijani¹,

Payette²,

Morais

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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104

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Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Weight Loss and Other Metabolic Parameters in Women and Men With Overweight and Obesity

et al. 2020

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IMPORTANCEThe efficacy and safety of time-restricted eating have not been explored in large randomized clinical trials.OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of 16:8-hour time-restricted eating on weight loss and metabolic risk markers. INTERVENTIONSParticipants were randomized such that the consistent meal timing (CMT) group was instructed to eat 3 structured meals per day, and the time-restricted eating (TRE) group was instructed to eat ad libitum from 12:00 PM until 8:00 PM and completely abstain from caloric intake from 8:00 PM until 12:00 PM the following day. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis 12-week randomized clinical trial including men and women aged 18 to 64 years with a body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 27 to 43 was conducted on a custom mobile study application. Participants received a Bluetooth scale. Participants lived anywhere in the United States, with a subset of 50 participants living near San Francisco, California, who underwent in-person testing. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was weight loss. Secondary outcomes from the in-person cohort included changes in weight, fat mass, lean mass, fasting insulin, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A 1c levels, estimated energy intake, total energy expenditure, and resting energy expenditure.RESULTS Overall, 116 participants (mean [SD] age, 46.5 [10.5] years; 70 [60.3%] men) were included in the study. There was a significant decrease in weight in the TRE (−0.94 kg; 95% CI, −1.68 to −0.20; P = .01), but no significant change in the CMT group (−0.68 kg; 95% CI, -1.41 to 0.05, P = .07) or between groups (−0.26 kg; 95% CI, −1.30 to 0.78; P = .63). In the in-person cohort (n = 25 TRE, n = 25 CMT), there was a significant within-group decrease in weight in the TRE group (−1.70 kg; 95% CI, −2.56 to −0.83; P < .001). There was also a significant difference in appendicular lean mass index between groups (−0.16 kg/m 2 ; 95% CI, −0.27 to −0.05; P = .005). There were no significant changes in any of the other secondary outcomes within or between groups. There were no differences in estimated energy intake between groups.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Time-restricted eating, in the absence of other interventions, is not more effective in weight loss than eating throughout the day.TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT03393195 and NCT03637855

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Nutrition, Protein Turnover and Muscle Mass

2021

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Relation between mealtime distribution of protein intake and lean mass loss in free-living older adults of the NuAge study

Abstract: Our results suggest that greater protein intakes and a more even distribution across meals are modifiable factors associated with higher muscle mass in older adults but not with losses over 2 y. Interventional studies should determine longer-term effects on preserving LM with aging.

Cited by 118 publications

References 49 publications

Even mealtime distribution of protein intake is associated with greater muscle strength, but not with 3-y physical function decline, in free-living older adults: the Quebec longitudinal study on Nutrition as a Determinant of Successful Aging (NuAge study)

Even mealtime distribution of protein intake is associated with greater muscle strength, but not with 3-y physical function decline, in free-living older adults: the Quebec longitudinal study on Nutrition as a Determinant of Successful Aging (NuAge study)

Effects of Time-Restricted Eating on Weight Loss and Other Metabolic Parameters in Women and Men With Overweight and Obesity

Nutrition, Protein Turnover and Muscle Mass

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