Relation between insertion torque and bone–implant contact percentage: an artificial bone study

Abstract

The ITV of a dental implant can be used to predict the initial BIC%; this information may provide the clinician with important information on the optimal loading time.

Correlation between Initial BIC and the Insertion Torque/Depth Integral Recorded with an Instantaneous Torque‐Measuring Implant Motor: An in vivo Study

“…Bone density estimates the device provides are operator independent . In the present study, a statistically significant correlation ( R = 0.96) was found between initial BIC after insertion and average torque values measured with the specific probe at the placement site before insertion, showing that bone density at the site of insertion correlates significantly with the initial BIC (as shown also by bench experiments). In other words, the present study shows that the device allows the surgeon to quantitatively assess a parameter (average torque at probing) correlated with bone density, which in turn correlates to a postinsertion parameter as initial BIC is.…”

“…Instrumental assessment may exploit either the resonance frequence analysis or the Periotest methods, both evaluating implant stability by analyzing and interpreting the response a transducer or the implant itself respectively provides when stimulated by ultrasounds or mechanically. It has also been shown, both on animal bone sections and on synthetic bone models, that implant primary stability, assessed with one or more of the methods mentioned above, significantly correlates with immediate postplacement bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) …”

“…It has also been shown, both on animal bone sections and on synthetic bone models, that implant primary stability, assessed with one or more of the methods mentioned above, significantly correlates with immediate postplacement bone-to-implant contact (BIC). [31][32][33] Concerning a possible reliable and objective measurement of bone density at placement site, it has been shown that cutting resistance at threading is a good estimator of bone quality at the placement site by in vitro studies on pig ribs 34 and jaw autopsy specimens. 35 Recently, a surgical micromotor has been introduced featuring an instantaneous torque measurement system.…”

Correlation Between Insertion Torque and Survival Rates in Immediately Loaded Implants in the Maxilla

“…When analyzing the average insertion torque by different implant sizes, a positive correlation was made between increasing implant diameter and increased insertion torque. Only five 6.0-mm-diameter implants were placed and, due to the small sample size, they were not included in this (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Refer to Table 2 for more information regarding number of implants placed and number of failures for each tooth site.…”

“…[3][4][5] However, the specific criteria for success have yet to be definitively established in the literature or are still subject to great debate. A multitude of studies have attempted to establish a correlation relating several variables and measurements, including the location of the implant (maxilla vs mandible, anterior vs posterior), 5 health of the implant site (ie, presence of periapical pathology), 6 bone quality (I-IV), 7 peak insertion torque value, 1,[8][9][10][11] percentage of bone contact, 12 Periotest (Medizintechnik Gulden, Modautal Germany) values, 13 and resonance frequency analysis, 13,14 to the successful osseointegration of implants.…”