Relation between Depression and Hormonal Dysregulation

Abstract

Depression is a mental disorder, with different classifications which have as main symptoms, persistent sadness, lack of interest, lack of pleasure, swings between feelings of guilt and low self-esteem, sleep disorders and appetite. It is known that hormonal changes can lead to significant emotional changes and vice versa, due to changes in the central nervous system, action of hormones on specific receptors or by metabolic changes, therefore, the endocrine disorders become one of the possible causes of depression. This work is a study of the major hormones associated with depression. It was drawn from a literature review, in which corticotrophin hormone, cortisol, estrogen, progesterone and thyroid hormones were identified as the main hormones related to depression. These hormones are essential for the correct functioning of the metabolism, therefore, it is observed that hormonal changes may contribute to the development of depression as well as aggravate it or even hamper the treatment of patients who already have the disorder.

Effects of Four Weeks of Concurrent Taekwondo Plus Resistance Training on Post-exercise Blood Biomarkers of Physiological Stress in Previously-Trained Individuals

“…In addition, this study is in agreement with the findings of Alghadir and co-workers (29) in which athletes were also subjected to four weeks of aerobic training. The finding of improved testosterone indices in the mixed gender and female HIG is supported by evidence that the higher the intensity and the longer the duration of exercise, the greater the hormonal response (30). Moreover, the adrenal response is also stronger for intermittent anaerobic and aerobic exercise (31), as is utilized in this study.…”

Sex differences in basal reelin levels in the paraventricular hypothalamus and in response to chronic stress induced by repeated corticosterone in rats

“…Other current views on the pathophysiology of depression are towards a major implication of the neuroendocrine system. This theory comes from observations that various mental and endocrine disorders display bidirectional relationships (Tamagno & Epelbaum, 2015) and most depression patients present hormonal disturbances (Duarte et al, 2017).…”