Relation between Corrosion Rate of Magnesia Refractories by Molten Slag and Penetration Rate of Slag into Refractories

Yu, Zhenliang; Mukai, Kusuhiro; Kawasaki, K.; Furusato, Isao

doi:10.2109/jcersj.101.533

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The slag penetration into refractory has a great influence on the corrosion of the refractory, with respect to changing the bonding between the composed particles in the refractory. Based on the analysis of the cooled samples after penetration experiments, some researchers have studied the slag penetration into refractory from some aspects such as the phase equilibrium of the components in the penetrated slag [1] and the penetration rate of the slag [2]. However, the in situ observation of slag penetration and the study of the relationship between the slag penetration and the refractory microstructure, have not been reported until now.…”

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In‐situ observation of slag penetration into MgO refractory

Mukai

Tao²,

Goto

et al. 2002

Scand Jof Metallurgy

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The behavior of slag penetration into MgO refractory was investigated by combining in‐situ X‐ray observation with microstructural analysis of the samples after penetration experiments. The following results are obtained. The slag penetrates rapidly into the refractory, reacting with MgO particles in the refractory. The slag penetrates unevenly into the refractory with uneven pore size in a route like a tree, firstly along the main route (the surface of large MgO particles), and then extending to the branch route, while evenly into the refractory with even pore size. The rate of slag penetration increases with increasing pore radius and apparent porosity of the refractory, T · Fe concentration in the slag and temperature, and with decreasing the slag basicity (C/S ratio). In the case of the Al2O3‐bearing slag, the rate of slag penetration is less than that of Al2O3‐free slag in the initial stage. The penetration also stops much earlier than that of the Al2O3‐free slag, and then the penetration height remains almost constant. In the initial stage of penetration, the penetration height is proportional to the square root of penetration time. Slag penetration is deduced as stopping due to the following: (1) the melting point and viscosity of the penetrated slag increase, and the surface tension of the penetrated slag decreases with decreasing the FetO concentration in the penetrated slag consumed by the reaction between FetO and MgO particles; (2) in the 10mass% Al2O3‐bearing slag, the pore size in the refractory is reduced by the spinel formed on the pore surface by the reaction between Al2O3 in the penetrated slag and MgO particles in the refractory.

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confidence: 99%

In‐situ observation of slag penetration into MgO refractory

Mukai

Tao²,

Goto

et al. 2002

Scand Jof Metallurgy

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“…Therefore, the glass infiltrate and liquid at the infiltration temperature are of vital importance to the performance of glass infiltration. The calculations in Figure 2 are based on the Poseuille Law-based equation [7], depicting the rate of molten slag infiltration into a refractory material, and based on the equation by Zhang [8] that describes glass infiltration of alumina. Collectively, these parameters result in the following formula:…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Glass Infiltration Speed within Dental CAD/CAM Alumina at Different Temperatures

Liu

Shao

et al. 2010

AMR

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Objective: to investigate glass infiltrating rates (depth/time) within dental CAD/CAM alumina at different temperatures. Methods: micron α-alumina powder was prepared with cold isostastic pressure at 250 MPa and sintered at 1450°C. The presintered alumina specimens were then infiltrated with special glass at 1150°C, 1200°C and 1250 °C. The infiltrating depths and time to form the infiltrate at the different temperatures were evaluated. Results: As the infiltrating temperature increased, the viscosity of the infiltrating glass decreased, and the infiltrating depth increased. A 1 mm infiltration depth into the presintered alumina at 1150°C, 1200°C and 1250°C required 95 min, 22 min and 8 min, respectively. Conclusion: An optimal infiltrating time required to reach a suitable infiltration depth into the presintered alumina was observed at 1200°C, an important finding for clinical applications at this commonly used furnace temperature.

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“…Many studies on the mechanisms of refractory corrosion have been performed, particularly for the smelting and manufacturing of glasses. These studies mainly focused on the rate-controlling step of refractory corrosion, 9,10) the penetration of slag into the refractory, 11) the chemical reaction between the slag and the refractory 12) and improving the lifetime of the refractory. 13) Many other studies on smelting and casting 14) have also been performed from the standpoint of eliminating inclusions from liquid metals by using slags and fluxes; such inclusions are closely related to the dissolution of flux of solid oxides generated during the melting copper alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Refractory Corrosion by Na2O–B2O3 Flux and Its Ability of Dissolving of Mn Oxides during a Melting Process for a Copper Alloy in the Atmosphere, Including Mn as Easily Oxidized Element

et al. 2020

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In order to clarify a guideline for designing of composition of a flux which can achieve both minimizing a refractory corrosion by the flux and maximizing of solubility of Mn oxides into the flux, corrosion tests for refractory was conducted in the air atmosphere. The basic composition of flux is Na 2 OB 2 O 3 and the refractory is Mullite (3Al 2 O 3 •2SiO 2 ), assuming a process of melting of a copper alloy containing Mn as easily oxidized elements. Although the corrosion ratio of refractory became larger with increasing of mole fraction of Na 2 O in flux, the concentration of refractory's constituents in the flux have different tendency predicted by the results of corrosion ratio. Through the corrosion test, the Na 2 OB 2 O 3 based flux has penetrated inside the refractory with Mn, and a part of that Mn has reacted with Al 2 O 3 to form MnAl 2 O 4 . However, in the refractory/flux interface no clear formation of the compound layer could be confirmed due to the reaction between the refractory's constituents and the flux. In addition, the relationship between the corrosion ratio and the equilibrium solubility of 3Al 2 O 3 •2SiO 2 for Na 2 OB 2 O 3 flux calculated by thermodynamic database was investigated. The result shows that there are not clear relationships between them. The cause of this can be explained by the affection of corrosion inside the refractory by the penetration of the flux through the pores in the refractory. Furthermore, it was shown that the amount of Mn oxide dissolved in the flux was strongly affected by the viscosity of the flux by calculation.Consequently, in order to design a proper composition of flux in this study, it became clear that the thermodynamic approach alone was not enough and a more detailed examinations such as the wettability between the flux and refractory, properties of flux, especially penetration phenomena was also important.

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Relation between Corrosion Rate of Magnesia Refractories by Molten Slag and Penetration Rate of Slag into Refractories

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

In‐situ observation of slag penetration into MgO refractory

In‐situ observation of slag penetration into MgO refractory

Evaluation of Glass Infiltration Speed within Dental CAD/CAM Alumina at Different Temperatures

Investigation of Refractory Corrosion by Na<sub>2</sub>O–B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Flux and Its Ability of Dissolving of Mn Oxides during a Melting Process for a Copper Alloy in the Atmosphere, Including Mn as Easily Oxidized Element

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