Relation between Androgenic Alopecia with Metabolic Syndrome: Review Article

Abstract

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most prevalent form of hair loss in men and women, characterized by a progressive thinning of hair influenced by androgens and genetic predisposition. Recent studies suggest a potential link between AGA and metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of conditions that increase the risk for heart disease and other health problems. Understanding the association between AGA and MetS could lead to improved screening and management strategies, potentially mitigating cardiovascular risk in affected individuals. Objective: This review aimed to synthesize current knowledge on the pathophysiology, genetic basis, and treatment options for AGA, with a focus on the relationship between AGA and MetS. The objective was to highlight the importance of early detection and comprehensive management of AGA, considering its association with systemic health issues. Methods: A thorough literature review was conducted, analyzing studies from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. Articles published up to April 2023 were included, with a focus on those providing insights into the pathophysiology of AGA, its treatment, and its association with MetS. Cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies were reviewed to assess the strength of the relationship between AGA and MetS. Conclusions: AGA is not only a cosmetic concern but also a potential marker for underlying metabolic dysregulation. The evidence suggested a strong association between AGA and MetS, emphasizing the role of androgens and genetic predisposition in both conditions. Early intervention in patients with AGA could serve as a preventive strategy for MetS and related cardiovascular diseases. Healthcare providers should consider screening for MetS components in patients presenting with AGA, particularly in those with a family history of metabolic or cardiovascular disorders.