Related Factors with Depression and Anxiety in Mastectomized Women Breast Cancer Survivors

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer diagnosis with the highest mortality rate worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify factors related to depression and anxiety in mastectomized women BC survivors. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 198 women diagnosed with BC aged 30–80 years in Mexico. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the 14-item Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The results showed that 94.44% and 69.18% of the women scored more than eight points on HADS in the anxiety and depression subscales, respectively; 70.20% and 10.60% were identified as pathological. The following variables were analyzed: age, time elapsed since the start of treatment, received treatment at the time of the evaluation, type of surgery, family history, marital status and employment status. Time elapsed since surgery, having a partner, and employment showed significant results as factors associated to levels of depression and anxiety in these patients. In conclusion, it has been shown that BCSs under 50 years of age receiving some kind of treatment, without family history, without a partner, with a job, with more than secondary education and with more than 5 years since diagnosis could have higher rates of clinical depression. On the other hand, BCSs older than 50 years receiving some kind of treatment, without family history, without a partner, with a job, with more than secondary education and with more than 5 years since diagnosis, could have higher rates of clinical anxiety. In conclusion, the variables studied provide valuable information for the implementation of psychotherapy plans in healthcare systems to reduce the risk of depression and/or anxiety in women with BC who have undergone mastectomy.

Factors Associated with Body Image and Self-Esteem in Mastectomized Breast Cancer Survivors

“…The demographic and descriptive characteristics of the 198 women who participated in the study are reported in the following article [ 34 ]. In this case, more variables were taken into account.…”

“…For age (<50 years vs. ≥50 years), this cut-off has been justified in the existing literature [ 33 ]. Years since diagnostic or elapsed years (<5 years vs. ≥5 years), this 5-year cut-off has been used and justified in the current literature [ 34 ]. Whether they had knowledge of the diagnosis or not, patients were asked about the information they had regarding their BC (diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis) and reflected on their perception of the information they had(none or little vs. knowledge).…”

Identifikasi Kebutuhan Psikoedukasi untuk Menurunkan Distres Psikologis pada Wanita dengan Kanker Payudara Pasca Mastektomi

“…Dampak emosi positif yang ditemukan pada penelitian ini tidak membutuhkan psikoedukasi. Emosi positif dipengaruhi oleh faktor usia (Álvarez-Pardo et al, 2023), stres positif dan koping yang sehat (Bienertova-Vasku et al, 2020). Berdasarkan hal diatas, dapat diidentifikasi bahwa permasalahan emosi negatif pada pasien pasca mastektomi membutuhkan psikoedukasi seperti teknik pernafasan dalam dan relaksasi otot progresif.…”

Prevalence of Depression in Patients and Survivors of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

“…WHO reports 685000 deaths worldwide and 2.3 million new breast cancer diagnoses in women occurred in 2020 [ 5 ]. According to various pieces of literature, people who are either breast cancer patients or survivors experience varying levels of depression [ 6 - 16 ]. Depression can adversely affect the patients by affecting their will to fight the disease as well as negatively impacting the survivors' quality of life after they have won the battle against breast cancer.…”