Relações familiares frente à repetição da gravidez na adolescência

Abstract

Some epidemiological surveys, as well as some analysis of the effects of a "teenage pregnancy" and its repetition contribute to its construction as a "social problem", based on a victimizer speech, homogenizer and alarmist of question. However, we recognize the need to question idealized behaviors, generalized, regardless of production contexts. Thinking about it, it is essential to understand the perspectives of those who have the experience of a "teenage pregnancy" and its repetition, in other words, young people and their families. This study aimed to understand the meanings produced in family relationships across the repetition of "teenage pregnancy". The participants were three households, and these families were enrolled and received care in an Uberlandia's UAPSF (Minas Gerais). Six semi-structured interviews were conducted, referring to the three families. The analysis was based on a qualitative perspective, the social constructionist nature, and was organized in three categories: a) Maternity/paternity among young people: reviewing the place of youth; b) Family and support networks; c) Repetition of pregnancy and family planning. The respondents told the "teenage pregnancy", as well as its repetition, as naturalized experiences, which constitute typical form of constitution of the family group, being the pregnancy associated with the opportunity of maturation and the realization of a life project. These senses are linked to the ways in which family relationships are presented, the shared history of life, the passed values, as well as the gender norms that support the cultural and historical reality of respondents. Furthermore, the family gets a prominent role as the main institution of aid and member of the formulated support networks on these experiences. With the achievement of maternal and paternal roles, some commitments become part of the routine of young people. Responsibility and active participation of young father are postures that were highlighted in the interviews. These senses about "teenage pregnancy" and its repetition invite to review of the place of family planning, since, the reflection of young people about the adherence to contraception and abortion practice demonstrates an awareness about the pregnancy. In conclusion, it is necessary to broaden the perspectives, which allow the contextualization of certain exercises in the field of sexuality, since, for the different contexts there are different meanings, and we should question what place that we are talking, what the cultural conditions, economic and gender that rule our reality and producing meanings about "teenage pregnancy" and its repetition.