Relacionando dieta e horários de captura entre duas espécies de morcegos frugívoros (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae, Stenodermatinae)

Abstract

Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818) and Platyrrhinus lineatus (Geoffroy, 1810) are phyllostomid bats that often coexist in the same local and consume the same feed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain data about feeding habits of the two species, relating to their capture times, in the land where is the Universidade Estadual de Londrina, northern Paraná. The samples were attained among September 2010 and May 2011, with 12 960 m2 h of sampling effort. The results analysis contemplated the Shannon Index, Pielou Index and Schoener Index. 250 A. lituratus e 46 P. lineatus were captured, and while the first one consumed fruits from ten vegetable species, the second fed just three species, both preferring the Cecropia spp. and Ficus spp. genus. A. lituratus showed the higher capture peak 30 minutes after the sunset and was collected throughout the period. P. lineatus had its higher peak 01h 45min after nightfall and was captured in short periods. With these outcomes, is possible to imply that P. lineatus has a foraging peak, in the study place, 75 minutes after A. lituratus, avoiding straight competition. A. lituratus showed larger food diversity, indicating higher adaptative potential for this specie than for the other.

Trophic similarity and coexistence of Carollia perspicillata and Sturnira lilium (Phyllostomidae), two sympatric fruit bats from the Brazilian Atlantic forest

“…Despite the occurrence of a qualitative overlap, fruit bats can coexist in the same area when the amount of food they consume is in high supply, which is influenced by fluctuations in fruiting (Fleming 1981, Estrada andCoates-Estrada 2001), and hence they may avoid direct competition (Sartore and Reis 2012). However, studies investigating both competition and neutral theories show that the processes of coexistence and niche segregation are not static (McGill 2003, Hubbell 2005.…”

“…The more closely species resemble each other, the less their differences become notable because these differences fall below (become more hidden than) the basic niche dimensions such as trophic resources, time of activity, spatial occupation or body shape (Salsamendi et al 2012, Sartore andReis 2012). If a certain differentiation did not occur during the evolutionary process, these species would compete until some individuals behaved differently and became extinct or became more successful than other competitors, which would initiate the segregation of the niche through time (Chesson 1991, Chase and Leibold 2003, Leibold and McPeek 2006 however, see Bell [2001] and Hubbell [2001] for a neutral perspective).…”

Phyllostomidae assemblage (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in altitudinal forests at the Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Southeast of Minas Gerais, Brazil

“…(Moraceae) in Mata de Grota. Both species have feeding habits usually related with plants of the genus Ficus (Muller & Reis, 1992;Sartore & Reis, 2012;Passos & Graciolli, 2004). In Ibitipoca, most of the captures of these bat species occurred in the months where F. mexiae was observed bearing fruits in the Mata de Grota.…”