The main objective of this work is to know the situation of the intellectual structure of the scientific community researching “extreme poverty,” especially to identify the most relevant authors, journals, and descriptors. In addition, the authors intend to present evidence that allows these researchers and other interested groups to improve the efficiency in acquiring high-impact knowledge on the topic. Through bibliometric analysis, both at the count and relationship levels (in this case with social network analysis [SNA] technique), they have carried out a study of the characteristics and intellectual structure of the academic and scientific network that has addressed the issue of extreme poverty. This work makes an important contribution to the literature on “extreme poverty” since it is the first known work that raises the intellectual structure of this topic from a multidisciplinary perspective.