Relação entre Depressão Pós-Parto e Apoio Social: Revisão Sistemática da Literatura

Abstract

A matéria publicada neste periódico é licenciada sob forma de uma Licença Creative Commons -Atribuição 4. Os resultados mostram, especialmente para profissionais e serviços de saúde, a importância da detecção precoce dos indícios de depressão e do incentivo à adoção de práticas de apoio social nos cuidados à mulher durante e após a gestação.Palavras-chave: Depressão pós-parto; Apoio social; Pesquisa bibliográfica. ABSTRACT The Relationship Between Postpartum Depression and Social Support: A Literature ReviewIn order to conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature on the relationship between postpartum (PPD) depression and social support, it was carried out a survey of online articles that have established this relationship. The search for papers published from January 2000 to August 2011 was performed in the databases APA PsycNET, EBSCOhost, Pepsic, PubMed, and Scielo. It was selected studies written in Portuguese or English, that had used quantitative method, the Edinburgh Scale of Post-partum Depression Scale (EPDS), applied between delivery and 12 months from childbirth to evaluate PPD, and social support measures. It was identified 24 articles, conducted in 11 countries. It was examined, besides the association with social support measures, the number and age of participants, EPDS scores, and other factors associated with the occurrence of PPD. Although using different instruments to assess social support, 23 studies (96% of sample size) have found that the higher the social support perceived by mothers, the lower the prevalence of PPD. The results of this work show, particularly for health professionals and health services, the importance of early detection of depression signs, and of the adoption of preventive measures in the care for women during and after pregnancy.Keywords: Postpartum depression; Social support; Bibliographic research. RESUMEN Relación entre Depresión Posparto y Apoyo Social: Revisión Sistemática de la LiteraturaCon el objetivo de hacer una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica sobre la relación entre la depresión posparto (DPP) y el apoyo social, se llevó a cabo una encuesta de artículos online que estableciesen esta relación. La búsqueda de los trabajos publicados entre enero de 2000 y agosto de 2011 se realizó en las bases de dados APA PsycNET, EBSCOhost, Pepsic, PubMed y Scielo. Fueron seleccionados estudios escritos en portugués o inglés, que habían usado métodos cuantitativos, la Escala de Depresión Posparto de Edimburgo (EDPE) para evaluar la DPP y medidas de apoyo social. Se identificaron 24 artículos, realizados en 11 países. En esos trabajos se examinaron la asociación con apoyo social, el número y edad de las participantes, las puntuaciones en la EDPE, aplicada entre o parto y hasta 12 meses después del parto, y otros factores asociados con la ocurrencia de DPP. Aunque fueran utilizados diferentes instrumentos para evaluar el apoyo social, 23 estudios (96 % de la muestra) sugirieron que cuanto mayor sea el apoyo social percibido por las madres, menor es...

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“…Nota-se essa diferença principalmente em populações vulneráveis, seja por seus aspectos econômicos desfavoráveis, como por situações de intenso sofrimento -o luto, ou períodos de transição, como no ciclo gravídico-puerperal das mulheres. Além do crescente número de pesquisas que abordam a relação entre apoio social e saúde mental, Rodrigues e Madeira (2009) constataram que, nos últimos anos, também têm sido desenvolvidos estudos que investigam especificamente a associação existente entre apoio social e desfechos relacionados à saúde psíquica materna (Cardoso & Vivian, 2017;Carvalho & Morais, 2014;Rapoport & Piccinini, 2006).…”