“…This is especially true in the case of the organic micropollutants (EDCs, PhACs, pesticides, etc), since their retention is determined by electrostatic, steric and hydrophobic/hydrophilic solute-membrane interactions, which can be modified due to foulants depositing on the membrane surface. The effect of fouling on organic micropollutant retention has been the subject of rather extensive research in the past decade (Ng & Elimelech, 2004;Xu et al, 2006;Plakas et al, 2006;Steinle-Darling et al, 2007;Agenson & Urase, 2007;Nghiem & Hawkes, 2007;Bellona et al, 2010;Nghiem & Coleman, 2008;Verliefde et al, 2009;Yangali-Quintanilla et al, 2009). Systematic investigations on the influence of colloidal and/or organic fouling on various trace organic species suggests that solute retention can be distinguished in two different cases, depending on the relative solute selectivities of the fouling layer and the membrane.…”