Reintroduction of the invasive mosquito Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Culicidae) in northern Chile

González, Christian R.; Henry, Abel A; Reyes, Carolina; Aylwin, María Paz; Escobar, Daniel F.; Fernández, Jorge Onrubia; Saldarriaga‐Córdoba, Mónica

doi:10.4067/s0718-34292016005000014

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Adult mosquitoes were captured at the collection sites using an entomological net and suction tube through human landing, specifically during the most active biting period, from 20:00 to 23:00, for three days at each point. Subsequently, the captured mosquitoes were euthanized by freezing at −80°C for 20–30 min and later identified using taxonomic keys from Darsie and González et al ( 17 , 18 ) Female mosquitoes were grouped, and some individuals were placed in separate tubes based on the collection point and species. Male mosquitoes were not included in the study and were discarded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filarial nematodes in domestic dogs and mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from semi-rural areas in Central Chile

Cancino-Faure,

González,

Piñeiro González

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Climate change, competent vectors, and reservoir animals are the main factors for developing vector-borne zoonotic diseases. These diseases encompass a significant and widespread category of pathogens (e.g., viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and helminths) transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods, including ticks, fleas, lice, triatomines, mosquitoes, sandflies, and blackflies. In Chile, several studies have explored the role of dogs as reservoirs of vector-borne pathogens; however, there is a lack of research investigating the presence of pathogens in arthropods. Specifically, within the order Diptera, limited knowledge exists regarding their roles as carriers of pathogens. This study aimed to examine the presence of zoonotic filarial nematodes in mosquitoes and dogs within a previously unstudied semi-rural area of Central Chile. Two hundred samples of dog blood and seven hundred and twenty-four mosquitoes were collected during 2021–2022 and studied for filarial nematodes by PCR. The prevalence of microfilaremic dogs detected by Knott’s test was 7.5%, with Acanthocheilonema reconditum being the only species identified. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) albifasciatus was the most abundant mosquito species collected, and 15 out of 65 pools were positive for filarial nematodes. Among these pools, 13 tested positive for Acanthocheilonema reconditum, and two tested positive for Setaria equina through PCR. Additionally, five Culex pipiens specimens were positive for Acanthocheilonema reconditum. Despite the absence of zoonotic filarial species, these findings underscore the significance of monitoring pathogens in mosquitoes and animal hosts and continued research into the dynamics of vector-borne diseases, particularly in unexplored regions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filarial nematodes in domestic dogs and mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from semi-rural areas in Central Chile

Cancino-Faure,

González,

Piñeiro González

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…En el ciclo urbano interviene el humano y el mosquito Aedes aegypti, este mosquito además es el principal vector del zika, dengue y chikungunya, encontrándose presente en ámbitos urbanos y silvestres en casi todos los países Suramericanos, excepto en Chile (11), que fue erradicado en una exitosa campaña mediante el uso de dicloro difenil tricloroetano (DDT) en 1950. Sin embargo en el 2016 en la Isla de Pascua, después de más de sesenta años han detectado la reaparición del vector Aedes aegypti, libre del virus (12). En Sudamérica desde 1954 no se ha notificado brote alguno de FA urbana, excepto por un brote limitado en Paraguay en el 2008 (13).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Yellow Fever: A Reemerging Disease in South America, 2000–2016

Gabriela¹,

Enrique

Patricio

et al. 2022

espoch

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Jungle yellow fever (YF) is a reemerging, zoonotic, viral disease that has persisted for years in South America, despite the existence of an effective vaccine for more than 50 years. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 130,000 cases of YF are reported each year, of which 44,000 (33.84%) are fatal and 90% of them occur in Africa. In the absence of treatment, mortality in severe cases can reach up to 50%. In addition, the actual incidence of the disease has been estimated to be 10–50 times higher. Two cycles of the disease have been described: a jungle cycle and an urban cycle. The cycle that has been established in South America for years is the Jungle cycle. The main vector responsible for transmitting the Jungle yellow fever virus (YFV) is the hematophagous mosquito of the genus Haemagogus and Sabethes. Thus, a descriptive study was carried out of the bibliographic review of the confirmed cases of YF in the South American Continent from 2000 to 2016, accessing the information from different databases. During the studied period, 1,360 confirmed cases of YFV were reported, reaching a fatality of 47%. Mass vaccination campaigns in response to an outbreak have been the main control measure. The reported cases of the disease in the National Surveillance Systems during the study period indicated that this disease in South America continues to be a public health problem, particularly affecting the populations of Peru, Brazil, and Colombia. Keywords: yellow fever, surveillance, South America, outbreaks, non-human primates (NHP). RESUMEN La fiebre amarilla (FA) selvática es una enfermedad zoonótica viral, reemergente de América del Sur que se ha mantenido durante años, a pesar de que existe una vacuna eficaz hace más de 50 años. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ha estimado que cada año se notifican 130.000 casos, que 44.000 (33,84%) son mortales y que, el 90% de ellos ocurren en África. En ausencia de tratamiento, la mortalidad de los casos graves puede llegar al 50%. Además, se ha estimado que la incidencia real de la enfermedad es de 10-50 veces mayor. Se han descrito dos ciclos de la enfermedad; Un ciclo selvático y un ciclo urbano. El ciclo que se ha establecido en Sudamérica durante años es el Selvático, el principal vector responsable de transmitir el virus de la fiebre amarilla Selvática (FAS), es el mosquito hematófago del género Haemagogus y Sabethes. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de revisión bibliográfica de los casos confirmados de FA en el Continente Sudamericano desde el 2000 hasta el 2016, obteniendo la información de diferentes bases de datos. Durante el periodo 2000 - 2016 se reportó 1360 casos confirmados de FAS, alcanzando una letalidad del 47%. Las campañas de vacunación masiva, ante la respuesta de un brote han sido la principal medida de control. Los casos reportados de la enfermedad en los Sistemas Nacionales de Vigilancia durante el periodo de estudio demuestran que está enfermedad en Sudamérica sigue siendo un problema de salud pública, que ha afectado considerablemente a las poblaciones de, Perú, Brasil y Colombia. Palabras Clave: Fiebre amarilla, vigilancia, Sudamerica, primates no humanos (PNH).

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“…A nivel global, 2.261 millones de personas estarían en niveles altos y muy altos de exposición, con algunos países presentando sobre el 90% de su población en riesgo potencial 9 . En Chile continental, A. aegypti estuvo presente en la zona norte entre Arica y Caldera, pero se erradicó el año 1950 10,11 . Sin embargo, el reciente hallazgo de especíme-nes en la ciudad de Arica y los resultados de una reciente modelación epidemiológica 19,12 sugieren que el riesgo es latente y se deben enfocar los esfuerzos en la prevención para mantener la erradicación del mosquito en el territorio continental.…”

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