Reintegration of combatants: were the right lessons learned in Mozambique?

Former Military Networks a Threat to Peace? The Demobilisation and Remobilization of Renamo in Central Mozambique

“…7 The DDR program, managed by the UN Mission for Mozambique (ONUMOZ) for approximately 90,000 combatants from both Renamo and the Mozambican Armed Forces, is often regarded as one of the main reasons for the successful transition from war to peace (see e.g. Alden 2002;McMullin 2004). Another well-studied factor of the successful transition to peace in Mozambique were 'traditional reintegration mechanisms' that happened at the community level.…”

Disarming Youth Combatants: Mitigating Youth Radicalization and Violent Extremism

“…21 When in the aftermath of peace processes young demobilized soldiers found themselves reintegrating into poverty, or into a similar situation of political, economic, and social marginalization as experienced in the pre-war period, many returned to combat as mercenaries in regional conflicts. 22 Also, in several conflicts like Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Uganda, child soldiers brutalized their own communities, at times under the orders of superiors, with the view of burning their bridges with family and the home environment. Others were directed to raid their own villages, loot food, mutilate people, or even kill their own relatives.…”

Addressing Post-traumatic Stress and Aggression by Means of Narrative Exposure: A Randomized Controlled Trial with Ex-Combatants in the Eastern DRC

“…Following disarmament and demobilization, integration of excombatants and child soldiers into civil society is implemented to stabilize countries after armed conflicts (Annan et al, 2009;Kingma, 1997;McMullin, 2004). Reintegration programs consist of different but equally important components (Stott, 2009;Williamson, 2006).…”